Michelle Marshall

Biography

My interest in research started as an undergraduate at Keele University and led me to undertake a Master’s degree before returning to Keele in 2005 to support the early phases of a major Medical Research Council (MRC) funded programme of population-based research in joint pain and osteoarthritis (OA) on which I completed my PhD. I went on to a play key role in the successful delivery of a Versus Arthritis programme grant (2013-18) establishing and sustaining two large cohorts of community-dwelling older adults with 1) hand pain (n>4500) and 2) foot pain (n>5100) first as a study team member then coordinating early follow-up stages. I have since made the transition to research leadership acting as Principal Investigator in subsequent follow-up stages establishing a successful track record of designing, executing and leading the delivery of large research studies. The methodological expertise I have developed in epidemiology using a mixture of survey, clinical assessment, and health care record data along with the aptitude I have shown for leading research by managing multidisciplinary teams, having strong project management skills and a commitment to task completion has led me become a Principal Investigator of a programme of work on dementia. This is a new area of study in the emerging cross-faculty research theme of mental health and wellbeing and offers an important opportunity to build research capacity and important clinical relationships with the Midlands Partnership Foundation Trust.

Research and scholarship

My research interests include:

Musculoskeletal Pain
Hand and foot osteoarthritis
Radiographic Imaging
Ultrasound
Dementia

Teaching

Teaching:

Research Methods in Health, MSc in Physiotherapy, MSc in MSc MSc in Health Sciences, MSc in MSc in MSc in Advanced Professional Practice
Statistics and Epidemiology, MSc in Medical Science

Supervision:

MPhil (2019-20)
The impact of guidelines on the use of imaging in osteoarthritis: a time trend analysis using electronic health record data
Health Education England (HEE) West Midlands Clinical Academic Internship Programme (CAIP) (2018/19)
Diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of sonographic shear-wave elastography compared to liver biopsy in the assessment of paediatric liver disease
Academic Clinical Fellowship (2018-19)
Patterns of foot and ankle pain
Academic Clinical Fellowship (2017-18)
Radiographic validation of a self-report instrument for hallux valgus: part 2
Academic Clinical Fellowship (2016-17)
Radiographic validation of a self-report instrument for hallux valgus; part 1
MPhil (2014-15)
The population prevalence and distribution of radiographic ankle osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults
MPhil (2012-13)
Megan Bevis: The association between gout and nodal osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional radiographic study
BSc Medical Science at University of Aberdeen (2012-13)
Nicholas Miliken: Bone and joint morphology in foot osteoarthritis and hallux characterization using an active shape modelling
PhD (2010-2011 – student withdrew after 10 months)
Putting your best foot forward: an investigation into first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis
Undergraduate BSc (Hons) project (2010-2011)
A systemic review of the radiographic progression of hand osteoarthritis
Winner: Keele University student physiotherapy project of the year, 2011
Undergraduate MBChB project (2009-2010)
Putting your best foot forward: a systemic search and narrative review of radiographic definitions of foot osteoarthritis

Further information

Grants (selected):

Nuffield Foundation, Oliver Bird Fund (2020-2022).
The impact of musculoskeletal conditions on outcomes of other illnesses: a linked electronic health record stud: the MSKCOM study (Principal Investigator).
Grant reference OBF/21967 [£344,531].

Dunhill Medical Trust (DMT) Programme Grant (2018-20).
MEasurement of Dementia Disease progression in Primary care: the MEDDIP study (Principal Investigator).
Grant reference PGF1711\11 [£140,373].

National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research (SPCR) (2018-19) Long-term outcome of foot pain and osteoarthritis in older people in the general population: The Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot (CASF) seven-year follow-up (Principal Investigator).
Grant Reference SPCR396 [£99,959].

Courses attended (selected):

MSc Modules in Principles of Ultrasound and Focused Specialist Ultrasound Practice, Derby University, 2010
Intensive course in Applied Epidemiology for Rheumatologists, Aberdeen University, 2007
Practical Introduction to Running Randomised Clinical Trials, Keele University, June 2006
MMedSci Research Methods Module, Keele University, 2005
MMedSci Statistics and Epidemiology Module, Keele University, 2005

Conference attendance (selected):

AURORA, Leadership Foundation for Higher Education, Advance HE, Feb to June 2019
Good Clinical Practice, NIHR, May 2018
Advanced Musculoskeletal epidemiology Course, University of Manchester, July 2016
Multiple imputation, Prof Ian White from University of Cambridge MRC Biostatistics Unit, Keele University, October 2015
Quantitative Data Analysis Part Two, Masters in Research Methods, Keele University, March 2012
Principles of Ultrasound Module, Masters in Medical Ultrasound, University of Derby, June 2010
Focused Specialist Ultrasound Practice Module, Masters in Medical Ultrasound, University of Derby, March 2010
Intensive course in Applied Epidemiology for Rheumatologists, Aberdeen University, 2007
Practical Introduction to Running Randomised Clinical Trials, Keele University, June 2006
Research Methods Module, Masters in Medical Science, Keele University, 2005

Conference presentations (selected):

Mason KJ, Jordan KP, Achana F , Bailey J , Chen Y , Frisher M , Heron N, Huntley AL , Mallen CD, Mamas MA, Marshall M, Png ME , Tatton S, White S , Edwards JJ. Musculoskeletal pain and its impact on prognosis following hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome or cerebrovascular accident: a linked electronic health record cohort study (MSKCOM). Society for Academic Primary Care North Conference 2021 - Oral presentation.

Marshall M, Campbell P, Rathod-MistryT, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan K. (2021) Validating primary care markers of the course of dementia through linkage to secondary care records. Society for Academic Primary Care Annual Scientific Meeting – Oral presentation.

Henry-Blake C, Marshall M, Peat G, Edwards J. (2021) The impact of guidelines on the proportion of OA consultations associated with an X-ray request: a time trend analysis. Society for Academic Primary Care Annual Scientific Meeting – Oral presentation.

Gupta V, Lingham A, Marshall M, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2021) Radiographic Validation of a Self-Report Instrument for Hallux Valgus. Society for Academic Primary Care Annual Scientific Meeting – Poster presentation.

Henry-Blake C, Treadwell K, Parmar S, Higgs J, Marshall M, Edwards J, Peat G. (2021) A systematic review of international guidelines regarding the role of radiography in the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. EULAR, Annual European Congress of Rheumatology Virtual - Poster presentation.

Peat G, Yu D, Grønne DT, Marshall M, Skou ST, Roos EM. (2021) Investigating outcome inequalities in osteoarthritis management programmes: an analysis of registry data from the Good Life with osteoArthritis in Demark (GLA:D®) programme using tapered balancing. Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) 2021 World Congress on Osteoarthritis, Virtual – Poster presentation.

Negi R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan K. (2021) Primary care markers of the course of dementia: validation through linkage to cognitive function recorded in secondary care records. Primary Care Mental Health Research Conference – Oral presentation.

Jordan K, Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Campbell P, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Frisher M, Hayward R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S.(2020) Can early markers of poor long-term outcomes in dementia be identified from primary care electronic health records? Society for Academic Primary Care Annual Scientific Meeting.

Marshall M, Blagojevic-Bucknall M, Rathod-Mistry T, Thomas MJ, Edwards JJ, Peat G, Menz, HB, Roddy E. (2020) Trajectories of foot pain severity over seven years and relationship to potential prognostic factors: the clinical assessment study of the foot. British Society for Rheumatology (BSR) Annual Meeting, Virtual Meeting – Poster Presentation.

Marshall M, Campbell P, Rathod-MistryT, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan K. (2020) markers of dementia progression be derived from primary care electronic health records? 34th Virtual International Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International – Poster Presentation.

Marshall M. (2019) Osteoarthritis of the Foot and Ankle. Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) 2019 World Congress on Osteoarthritis, Toronto – Invited Oral Presentation.

Publications

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS

Marshall M, Blagojevic-Bucknall M, Rathod-Mistry T, Thomas MJ, Edwards JJ, Peat G, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2021) Identifying long-term trajectories of foot pain severity and potential prognostic factors: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Care Res; Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/acr.24823. [Epub ahead of print].
Campbell P, Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Singh S, Tantalo-Baker S, Tarafdar S, Babatunde OO, Robinson L, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan KP. (2021) Markers of dementia-related health in primary care electronic health records. Aging & Mental Health, 25(8):1452-62. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1783511.
Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Campbell P, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan KP. (2021) Indicators of dementia disease progression in primary care: an electronic health record cohort study. Eur J Neurology; 28 5):1499-1510. doi: 10.1111/ene.14710.
Peat G, Rathod-Mistry T, Paskins Z, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Menz HB, Nicholls E, Myers H, Duncan R, van der Windt DA, Roddy E, Dziedzic KS. (2020) Relative prevalence and distribution of knee, hand and foot symptomatic osteoarthritis subtypes in an English population. Musculoskeletal Care; 18(2):219-224. doi: 10.1002/msc.1457.
Marshall M, Peat G, Nichols E, Myers H, Mamas M, van der Windt D. (2019) Metabolic risk factors and the incidence and progression of radiographic hand osteoarthritis: a population-based cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology; 48(1):52-63. doi: 10.1080/03009742.2018.1459831.
Marshall M, Watt FE, Vincent TL, Dziedzic K. (2018) Hand osteoarthritis: clinical phenotypes, molecular mechanisms and disease management. Nat Rev Rheumatol; 14(11):641-656. doi: 10.1038/s41584-018-0095-4.
Murray C, Marshall M, Rathod T, Bowen CJ, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2018) Population prevalence of ankle pain and symptomatic radiographic ankle osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE 13(4):e0193662. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193662.

FULL PUBLICATION LIST

Marshall M, Blagojevic-Bucknall M, Rathod-Mistry T, Thomas MJ, Edwards JJ, Peat G, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2021) Identifying long-term trajectories of foot pain severity and potential prognostic factors: a population-based cohort study. Arthritis Care Res; Nov 21. doi: 10.1002/acr.24823. [Epub ahead of print].
Roddy E, Thomas MJ, Menz HB, Munteanu S, Marshall M, Peat G. Defining Symptomatic Radiographic Foot Osteoarthritis: Comment on the Article by Golightly and Gates. (2021) Arthritis Care Res; 73(11):1697-1698. doi: 10.1002/acr.24380.
Campbell P, Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Singh S, Tantalo-Baker S, Tarafdar S, Babatunde OO, Robinson L, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan KP. (2021) Markers of dementia-related health in primary care electronic health records. Aging & Mental Health, 25(8):1452-62. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1783511.
Menz HB, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Rathod-Mistry T, Peat GM, Roddy E. (2021) Incidence and progression of hallux valgus: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care Res; Jul 15. doi: 10.1002/acr.24754. [Epub ahead of print].
Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Campbell P, Bailey J, Chew-Graham CA, Croft P, Frisher M, Hayward R, Negi R, Robinson L, Singh S, Sumathipala A, Thein N, Walters K, Weich S, Jordan KP. (2021) Indicators of dementia disease progression in primary care: an electronic health record cohort study. Eur J Neurology; 28 5):1499-1510. doi: 10.1111/ene.14710.
Holden MA, Callaghan M, Felson D, Birrell F, Nicholls E, Jowett S, Kigozi , McBeth J, Borrelli B, Jinks C, Foster NE, Dziedzic K, Mallen C, Ingram C, Sutton A, Lawton S, Halliday N, Hartshorne L, Williams H, Browell R, Hudson H, Marshall M, Sowden G, Herron D, Asamane E, Peat G. (2021) Clinical and cost-effectiveness of bracing in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis management: protocol for a multi-centre, primary care, randomised, parallel-group, superiority trial. BMJ Open; Mar 26;11(3):e048196. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048196.
Chean CS, Lingham A, Rathod-Mistry T, Thomas MJ, Marshall M, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2021) Identification of patterns of foot and ankle pain in the community: Cross-sectional findings from the clinical assessment study of the foot. Musculoskeletal Care; 19(1):9-19. doi: 10.1002/msc.1502.
Menz HB, Munteanu SE, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Rathod-Mistry T, Peat GM, Roddy E. (2021) Identification of radiographic foot osteoarthritis: sensitivity of views and features using the La Trobe radiographic atlas. Arthritis Care Res; Feb 16. doi: 10.1002/acr.24582 [Epub ahead of print].
Menz HB, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Rathod-Mistry T, Peat GM, Roddy E. (2020) Associations Between Calcaneal Enthesophytes and Osteoarthritis of the Hands and Feet. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken); 72(10):1343-1348. doi: 10.1002/acr.24030.
Clarke GR, Thomas MJ, Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Menz HB, Peat G, Roddy E. (2020) Hallux valgus severity, great toe pain, and plantar pressures during gait: A cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults. Musculoskeletal Care; 18(3):383-390. doi: 10.1002/msc.1472.
Peat G, Rathod-Mistry T, Paskins Z, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Menz HB, Nicholls E, Myers H, Duncan R, van der Windt DA, Roddy E, Dziedzic KS. (2020) Relative prevalence and distribution of knee, hand and foot symptomatic osteoarthritis subtypes in an English population. Musculoskeletal Care; 18(2):219-224. doi: 10.1002/msc.1457.
Marshall M, Jonsson H, Helgadottir GP, Nicholls E, Myers H, Jansen V, van der Windt D. (2019) Longitudinal validity of using digital hand photographs for assessing hand osteoarthritis progression over 7 years in community-dwelling older adults with hand pain. BMC Musculoskeletal Disord; 20(1):484. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2829-0.
Thomas MJ, Whittle R, Menz HB, Rathod-Mistry T, Marshall M, Roddy E. (2019) Plantar heel pain in middle-aged and older adults: population prevalence, associations with health status and lifestyle factors, and frequency of healthcare use. BMC Musculoskelet Disord; 20(1):337. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2718-6.
Arnold JB, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Redmond AC, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2019) Midfoot osteoarthritis: potential phenotypes and their associations with demographic, symptomatic and clinical characteristics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 27(4):659-666. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.12.022.
Menz HB, Thomas MJ, Marshall M, Rathod-Mistry T, Hall A, Chesterton LS, Peat GM, Roddy E. (2019) Coexistence of plantar calcaneal spurs and plantar fascial thickening in individuals with plantar heel pain. Rheumatology; 58(2):237-245. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/key266.
Marshall M, Peat G, Nichols E, Myers H, Mamas M, van der Windt D. (2019) Metabolic risk factors and the incidence and progression of radiographic hand osteoarthritis: a population-based cohort study. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology; 48(1):52-63. doi: 10.1080/03009742.2018.1459831.
Marshall M, Watt FE, Vincent TL, Dziedzic K. (2018) Hand osteoarthritis: clinical phenotypes, molecular mechanisms and disease management. Nat Rev Rheumatol; 14(11):641-656. doi: 10.1038/s41584-018-0095-4.
Downes TJ, Chesterton L, Whittle R, Roddy E, Menz HB, Marshall M, Thomas MJ. (2018) The symptomatic course of foot osteoarthritis phenotypes: an 18-month prospective analysis of community-dwelling older adults. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken); 70(7):1107-1112. doi: 10.1002/acr.23502.
Murray C, Marshall M, Rathod T, Bowen CJ, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2018) Population prevalence of ankle pain and symptomatic radiographic ankle osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE 13(4):e0193662. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193662.
McQueen P, Gates L, Marshall M, Doherty M, Arden N, Bowen C. (2017) The effect of variation in interpretation of the La Tobe radiographic foot atlas on the prevalence of foot osteoarthritis in older women: the Chingford general population cohort. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research; 10:54. doi: 10.1186/s13047-017-0239-9.
Ukachukwu V, Duncan R, Belcher J, Marshall M, Stefanik J, Crossley K, Thomas MJ, Peat G. (2017) Clinical significance of medial vs. lateral compartment patellofemoral osteoarthritis: cross-sectional analyses in an adult population with knee pain. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken); 69(7):943-51. doi: 10.1002/acr.23110.
Menz HB, Roddy E, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Rathod T, Peat GM, Croft PR. (2016) Epidemiology of Shoe wearing patterns over time in older women: associations with foot pain and hallux valgus. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci; 71(12):1682-7. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw004.
McWilliams DF, Marshall M, Jayakumar K, Doherty S, Doherty M, Zhang W, Kiely PD, Young A, Walsh DA. (2016) Erosive and osteoarthritic structural progression in early rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatology (Oxford); 55(8):1477-88. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew197
Bevis M, Marshall M, Rathod T, Roddy E. (2016) The association between gout and radiographic hand, knee and foot osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord;17(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-1032-9.
Rathod T, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Menz HB, Myers HL, Thomas E, Downes T, Peat G, Roddy E. (2016) Investigation of potential phenotypes of foot osteoarthritis: Cross-sectional analysis from the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken); 68(2):217-27. doi: 10.1002/acr.22677.
Thomas MJ, Roddy E, Rathod T, Marshall M, Moore A, Menz HB, Peat G. (2015) Clinical diagnosis of symptomatic midfoot osteoarthritis: cross-sectional findings from the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 23(12):2094-101. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.06.010.
Thomas MJ, Peat G, Rathod T, Marshall M, Moore A, Menz HB, Roddy E. (2015) The epidemiology of symptomatic midfoot osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults: cross-sectional findings from the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot. Arthritis Res Ther; 17(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s13075-015-0693-3.
Menz B, Roddy E, Marshall M, Thomas MJ, Rathod T, Myers H, Thomas E, Peat GM. (2015) Demographic and clinical factors associated with radiographic severity of first metatarsophalangeal joint osteoarthritis: cross-sectional findings from the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 23(1):77-82. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.10.007.
Roddy E, Thomas MJ, Marshall M, Rathod T, Myers H, Menz HB, Thomas E, Peat G. (2015) The population prevalence of symptomatic radiographic foot osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults: cross-sectional findings from the Clinical Assessment Study of the Foot.
Ann Rheum Dis; 74(1):156-63. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203804.
Marshall M, Nicholls E, Kwok WY, Peat G, Kloppenburg M, van der Windt D, Myers H, Dziedzic K. (2015) Erosive osteoarthritis: a more severe form of radiographic hand osteoarthritis rather than a distinct entity? Ann Rheum Dis; 74(1):136-41. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203948.
Marshall M, Jonsson H, Helgadottir GP, Nicholls E, van der Windt D, Myers H, Dziedzic K. (2014) Reliability of assessing hand osteoarthritis on digital photographs and associations with radiographic and clinical findings. Arthritis Care Res; 66(6):828-36. doi: 10.1002/acr.22225.
Kwok WY, Kloppenburg M, Marshall M, Nicholls E, Rosendaal FR, Peat G. (2014) The prevalence of erosive osteoarthritis in carpometacarpal joints and its clinical burden in symptomatic community-dwelling adults. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 22(6):756-63. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.03.012.
Kwok WY, Kloppenburg M, Marshall M, Nicholls E, Rosendaal FR, van der Windt DA, Peat G. (2013) Comparison of clinical burden between patients with erosive hand osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis in symptomatic community-dwelling adults: the Keele clinical assessment studies. Rheumatology (Oxford); 53(12):2260-7. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket267.
Marshall M, Peat G, Nichols E, van der Windt D, Myers H, Dziedzic K. (2013) Subsets of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis in community-dwelling older adults in the United Kingdom: prevalence, inter-relationships, risk factor profiles and clinical characteristics at baseline and 3-years. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 21(11):1674-84. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.08.004.
Roddy E, Myers H, Thomas M, Marshall M, D’Cruz D, Menz H, Belcher J, Muller S, Peat G. (2011) The clinical assessment study of the foot (CASF): study protocol for a prospective observational study of foot pain and foot osteoarthritis in the general population. J Foot Ankle Res; 4:22. doi: 10.1186/1757-1146-4-22.
Marshall M, van der Windt DA, Nicholls E, Myers H, Dziedzic K. (2011) Radiographic thumb osteoarthritis: frequency, patterns and associations with pain and clinical assessment findings in a community-dwelling population. Rheumatology (Oxford); 50 (4):735-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq371.
Trivedi B, Marshall M, Belcher J, Roddy E. (2010) A systematic review of radiographic definitions of foot osteoarthritis in population-based studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage;18(8)1027-35. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.05.005.
Marshall M, van der Windt DA, Nicholls E, Myers H, Hay EM, Dziedzic K. (2009) Radiographic hand osteoarthritis: patterns and associations with pain, disability and functional impairment in a community-dwelling sample. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 17 (11):1440-2. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.05.009.
Marshall M, Dziedzic KS, van der Windt DA, Hay EM. (2008) A systematic search and narrative review of radiographic definitions of hand osteoarthritis in population-based studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage; 16 (2):219-26. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2007.06.004.
Myers H, Nicholls E, Handy J, Peat G, Thomas E, Duncan R, Wood L, Marshall M, Tyson C, Hay E, Dziedzic K. (2007) The Clinical Assessment Study of the Hand (CAS-HA): a prospective study of musculoskeletal hand problems in the general population. BMC Musculoskelet Disord; 8:85. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-8-85.

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Dr Michelle Marshall