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    Prof David N Furness

    Prof David N Furness

    Title
    Professor of Cellular Neuroscience
    Location
    Huxley Building : 105
    Contact me
    Try my office or arrange an appointment by e-mail.
    Phone
    +44 (0)1782 733496
    Email
    d.n.furness@keele.ac.uk

    Biography

    I am an award winning electron microscopist with over thirty years of experience in the principles and practical application of EM in both commercial and research sectors. My interest in microscopy began early with a birthday present of a small light microscope at 12.

    Recognising its limitations, I saved up and acquired a more elaborate microscope. These microscopes established an interested in Protozoa, in particular, and so began my career in microscopy. This developed into the desire to be a researcher who used electron microscopes to study cells generally. I completed an undergraduate zoology degree at Manchester University which included Cell Biology and Protozoology courses, and did a third year project on the ultrastructure of rumen  Protozoa. I obtained a First Class Honours and won the Zoology prize which was followed by a departmental PhD position to continue my study of rumen ciliates, presenting my work first at a meeting of the Royal Microscopical Society, at which I won a prize for the best young microscopist, and subsequently giving talks at UK protozoology conferences.  Also during my PhD I made an early foray into immunofluorescence techniques, then in their infancy, X-ray microanalysis, and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on a Phillips 400T TEM which was capable of in-lens imaging. This was the first high resolution imaging of protozoa certainly at Manchester and possibly elsewhere.  I wrote three papers on my PhD research before submitting the final thesis and attending an international Protozoology conference in Nairobi.

    Immediately after completing my PhD, I took up a post-doctoral position at Keele University, building on my EM and immunofluorescence experience, to study cytoskeletal structures after damaging the ear with strong antibiotics.  This introduced me to hearing research, which I have been involved with ever since. At the end of my post-doctoral period I applied for and was awarded a Wellcome Trust lectureship (five years, with a two year extension) and with my start-up funds purchase an X-ray microanalysis system to add to Keele’s growing electron microscope unit. Our research into antibiotic damage and cytoskeletal organisation in the hearing organ continued, with a PhD student whom I co-supervised and we developed immunofluorescence microscopy at Keele and 3D reconstruction techniques to evaluate microtubular organisation in sensory cells of the inner ear. In 1994 I was given a permanent position at Keele University. I have been director of the Electron Microscope Unit (EMU) at Keele since 1995.

    About that time, I led on the development of a new Neuroscience Principal Course at Keele, part of the dual honours system, and this has flourished, now boasting an intake of around 60 students p.a. I was course director for Neuroscience until my promotion to Reader in 2001, when I passed on the mantle, but I still organise several modules and teach on many more, having been nominated for student led teaching awards several times.

    I was also at that time Director of the MacKay institute for Communication and Neuroscience, leading on research into hearing with grants from the MRC, Wellcome Trust and a number of hearing charities.  After changes at Keele in 2006, I became theme lead for Cell and Tissue Engineering, subsequently splitting into a new theme which I led, Neuroscience and Human Metabolism, in the new Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine. Most recently I was promoted to a personal Chair in Cellular Neuroscience and became Research Director for the School of Life Sciences in 2015.

    I am passing that mantle on as well in September 2020. I remain a leading researcher in hearing and hearing loss therapies, having held grants from the MRC, Wellcome Trust, BBSRC and a number of hearing charities. I am also responsible for Keele University’s Research Excellence Framework submission for Biological Sciences.

    Research and scholarship

    stereocilia in cochlea My main research interests lie in the field of auditory neuroscience.  I am presently investigating the role of fibrocytes in the cochlea.  These are cells that are associated with homeostatic mechanisms that regulate the composition of cochlear fluids.  These cells appear to go wrong in certain forms of deafness, including age-related deafness (presbyacusis). My group has funding from Deafness Research UK to investigate whether a stem cell/replacement cell strategy might be employed to prevent or ameliorate age-related deafness by replacing defective fibrocytes.

    The main techniques we employ are electron microscope, post-embedding immunogold electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and cell culturing.  We have received funding for our work from the Wellcome Trust, MRC, Deafness Research UK, Midlands Institute of Otology, Royal Society, Physiological Society, British Tinnitus Association and others.

    Another of my major research interests is cochlear hair cell structure, composition and function.  I am focussing on the hair bundle and how the hairs (stereocilia - see picture) function to convert mechanical action from sound stimulation into electrical signals and nerve impulses in nerve fibres going to the brain.

    I am also director of the Keele University Electron Microscope Unit which offers a range of microscopy facilities.

    For some examples of our electron microscopy please visit the galleries on the EM Unit web pages:

    http://www.keele.ac.uk/emunit/gallery/

    Selected Publications

    • Jeng J-Y, Johnson SL, Carlton AJ, De Tomasi L, Goodyear RJ, De Faveri F, Furness DN, Wells S, Brown SDM, Holley MC, Richardson GP, Mustapha M, Bowl MR, Marcotti W. 2020. Age-related changes in the biophysical and morphological characteristics of mouse cochlear outer hair cells. J Physiol, 3891-3910, vol. 598(18). link> doi> full text>
    • Furness DN. 2019. Forgotten Fibrocytes: A Neglected, Supporting Cell Type of the Cochlea With the Potential to be an Alternative Therapeutic Target in Hearing Loss. Front Cell Neurosci, 532, vol. 13. link> doi> full text>
    • Beurg M, Barlow A, Furness DN, Fettiplace R. 2019. A Tmc1 mutation reduces calcium permeability and expression of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 20743-20749, vol. 116(41). link> doi> full text>
    • Mahendrasingam S and Furness DN. 2019. Ultrastructural localization of the likely mechanoelectrical transduction channel protein, transmembrane-like channel 1 (TMC1) during development of cochlear hair cells. Sci Rep, 1274, vol. 9(1). link> doi> full text>
    • Geng R, Furness DN, Muraleedharan CK, Zhang J, Dabdoub A, Lin V, Xu S. 2018. The microRNA-183/96/182 Cluster is Essential for Stereociliary Bundle Formation and Function of Cochlear Sensory Hair Cells. Sci Rep, 18022, vol. 8(1). link> doi> full text>

    Full Publications Listshow

    Journal Articles

    • Jeng J-Y, Johnson SL, Carlton AJ, De Tomasi L, Goodyear RJ, De Faveri F, Furness DN, Wells S, Brown SDM, Holley MC, Richardson GP, Mustapha M, Bowl MR, Marcotti W. 2020. Age-related changes in the biophysical and morphological characteristics of mouse cochlear outer hair cells. J Physiol, 3891-3910, vol. 598(18). link> doi> full text>
    • Furness DN. 2019. Forgotten Fibrocytes: A Neglected, Supporting Cell Type of the Cochlea With the Potential to be an Alternative Therapeutic Target in Hearing Loss. Front Cell Neurosci, 532, vol. 13. link> doi> full text>
    • Beurg M, Barlow A, Furness DN, Fettiplace R. 2019. A Tmc1 mutation reduces calcium permeability and expression of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 20743-20749, vol. 116(41). link> doi> full text>
    • Mahendrasingam S and Furness DN. 2019. Ultrastructural localization of the likely mechanoelectrical transduction channel protein, transmembrane-like channel 1 (TMC1) during development of cochlear hair cells. Sci Rep, 1274, vol. 9(1). link> doi> full text>
    • Geng R, Furness DN, Muraleedharan CK, Zhang J, Dabdoub A, Lin V, Xu S. 2018. The microRNA-183/96/182 Cluster is Essential for Stereociliary Bundle Formation and Function of Cochlear Sensory Hair Cells. Sci Rep, 18022, vol. 8(1). link> doi> full text>
    • Corns LF, Johnson SL, Roberts T, Ranatunga KM, Hendry A, Ceriani F, Safieddine S, Steel KP, Forge A, Petit C, Furness DN, Kros CJ, Marcotti W. 2018. Mechanotransduction is required for establishing and maintaining mature inner hair cells and regulating efferent innervation. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, Article ARTN 4015, vol. 9. link> doi> full text>
    • Corns LF, Johnson SL, Roberts T, Ranatunga KM, Hendry A, Ceriani F, Safieddine S, Steel KP, Forge A, Petit C, Furness DN, Kros CJ, Marcotti W. 2018. Mechanotransduction is required for establishing and maintaining mature inner hair cells and regulating efferent innervation. Nature Communications, Article 4015, vol. 9(1). link> doi> link> full text>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Fettiplace R, Alagramam KN, Cross E, Furness DN. 2017. Spatiotemporal changes in the distribution of LHFPL5 in mice cochlear hair bundles during development and in the absence of PCDH15. PLoS ONE. doi>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Fettiplace R, Alagramam KN, Cross E, Furness DN. 2017. Spatiotemporal changes in the distribution of LHFPL5 in mice cochlear hair bundles during development and in the absence of PCDH15. PLoS One, e0185285, vol. 12(10). link> doi>
    • Geng R, Omar A, Gopal SR, Chen DH-C, Stepanyan R, Basch ML, Dinculescu A, Furness DN, Saperstein D, Hauswirth W, Lustig LR, Alagramam KN. 2017. Modeling and Preventing Progressive Hearing Loss in Usher Syndrome III. Sci Rep, 13480, vol. 7(1). link> doi> full text>
    • Danbolt NC, Zhou Y, Furness DN, Holmseth S. 2016. Strategies for immunohistochemical protein localization using antibodies: What did we learn from neurotransmitter transporters in glial cells and neurons. Glia, 2045-2064, vol. 64(12). link> doi> full text>
    • Danbolt NC, Furness DN, Zhou Y. 2016. Neuronal vs glial glutamate uptake: Resolving the conundrum. Neurochem Int, 29-45, vol. 98. link> doi> full text>
    • Adams C, Israel LL, Ostrovsky S, Taylor A, Poptani H, Lellouche J-P, Chari D. 2016. Development of Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles for Genetic Engineering and Tracking of Neural Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater, 841-849, vol. 5(7). link> doi>
    • Li H, Kachelmeier A, Furness DN, Steyger PS. 2015. Local mechanisms for loud sound-enhanced aminoglycoside entry into outer hair cells. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 130, vol. 9. doi> full text>
    • Furness DN. 2015. Molecular basis of hair cell loss. CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH, 387-399, vol. 361(1). link> doi>
    • Fernandes AR, Adams CF, Furness DN, Chari DM. 2015. Early Membrane Responses to Magnetic Particles are Predictors of Particle Uptake in Neural Stem Cells. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION, 661-667, vol. 32(6). link> doi>
    • Furness DN. 2014. Abstracts of the fourth joint annual conference, experimental and clinical short papers meetings of the british society of audiology. Int J Audiol, 641-696, vol. 53(9). link> doi>
    • Khalil M, Furness DN, Zholobenko V, Hoole D. 2014. Effect of tapeworm parasitisation on cadmium toxicity in the bioindicator copepod, Cyclops strenuus. ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS, 21-26, vol. 37. link> doi>
    • Kim KX, Beurg M, Hackney CM, Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, Fettiplace R. 2013. The role of transmembrane channel-like proteins in the operation of hair cell mechanotransducer channels. J Gen Physiol, 493-505, vol. 142(5). link> doi> full text>
    • Zheng J, Furness D, Duan C, Miller KK, Edge RM, Chen J, Homma K, Hackney CM, Dallos P, Cheatham MA. 2013. Marshalin, a microtubule minus-end binding protein, regulates cytoskeletal structure in the organ of Corti. Biol Open, 1192-1202, vol. 2(11). link> doi> full text>
    • Furness DN, Johnson SL, Manor U, Rüttiger L, Tocchetti A, Offenhauser N, Olt J, Goodyear RJ, Vijayakumar S, Dai Y, Hackney CM, Franz C, Di Fiore PP, Masetto S, Jones SM, Knipper M, Holley MC, Richardson GP, Kachar B, Marcotti W. 2013. Progressive hearing loss and gradual deterioration of sensory hair bundles in the ears of mice lacking the actin-binding protein Eps8L2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 13898-13903, vol. 110(34). link> doi>
    • Jenkins SI, Pickard MR, Furness DN, Yiu HHP, Chari DM. 2013. Differences in magnetic particle uptake by CNS neuroglial subclasses: implications for neural tissue engineering. Nanomedicine (Lond), 951-968, vol. 8(6). link> doi> full text>
    • Johnson SL, Kuhn S, Franz C, Ingham N, Furness DN, Knipper M, Steel KP, Adelman JP, Holley MC, Marcotti W. 2013. Presynaptic maturation in auditory hair cells requires a critical period of sensory-independent spiking activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 8720-8725, vol. 110(21). link> doi>
    • Geng R, Sotomayor M, Kinder KJ, Gopal SR, Gerka-Stuyt J, Chen DH-C, Hardisty-Hughes RE, Ball G, Parker A, Gaudet R, Furness D, Brown SD, Corey DP, Alagramam KN. 2013. Noddy, a mouse harboring a missense mutation in protocadherin-15, reveals the impact of disrupting a critical interaction site between tip-link cadherins in inner ear hair cells. J Neurosci, 4395-4404, vol. 33(10). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM and Furness DN. 2013. The composition and role of cross links in mechanoelectrical transduction in vertebrate sensory hair cells. J Cell Sci, 1721-1731, vol. 126(Pt 8). link> doi>
    • Geng R, Melki S, Chen DH-C, Tian G, Furness DN, Oshima-Takago T, Neef J, Moser T, Askew C, Horwitz G, Holt JR, Imanishi Y, Alagramam KN. 2012. The mechanosensory structure of the hair cell requires clarin-1, a protein encoded by Usher syndrome III causative gene. J Neurosci, 9485-9498, vol. 32(28). link> doi>
    • Chen Q, Mahendrasingam S, Tickle JA, Hackney CM, Furness DN, Fettiplace R. 2012. The development, distribution and density of the plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 calcium pump in rat cochlear hair cells. Eur J Neurosci, 2302-2310, vol. 36(3). link> doi>
    • Holmseth S, Dehnes Y, Huang YH, Follin-Arbelet VV, Grutle NJ, Mylonakou MN, Plachez C, Zhou Y, Furness DN, Bergles DE, Lehre KP, Danbolt NC. 2012. The density of EAAC1 (EAAT3) glutamate transporters expressed by neurons in the mammalian CNS. J Neurosci, 6000-6013, vol. 32(17). link> doi>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Bebb C, Shepard E, Furness DN. 2011. Subcellular distribution and relative expression of fibrocyte markers in the CD/1 mouse cochlea assessed by semiquantitative immunogold electron microscopy. J Histochem Cytochem, 984-1000, vol. 59(11). link> doi>
    • Danbolt NC, Holmseth S, Dehnes Y, Huang Y, Follin-Arbelet V, Grutle N, Plachez C, Furness D, Zhou Y, Bergles D, Lehre K. 2011. QUANTIFICATION AND LOCALIZATION OF THE EAAC1 GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTER IN BRAIN. GLIA, S66, vol. 59. link>
    • Osen KK, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 2011. The border between the central and the peripheral nervous system in the cat cochlear nerve: a light and scanning electron microscopical study. Hear Res, 44-53, vol. 277(1-2). link> doi>
    • Alagramam KN, Goodyear RJ, Geng R, Furness DN, van Aken AFJ, Marcotti W, Kros CJ, Richardson GP. 2011. Mutations in protocadherin 15 and cadherin 23 affect tip links and mechanotransduction in mammalian sensory hair cells. PLoS One, e19183, vol. 6(4). link> doi> full text>
    • Zampini V, Rüttiger L, Johnson SL, Franz C, Furness DN, Waldhaus J, Xiong H, Hackney CM, Holley MC, Offenhauser N, Di Fiore PP, Knipper M, Masetto S, Marcotti W. 2011. Eps8 regulates hair bundle length and functional maturation of mammalian auditory hair cells. PLoS Biol, e1001048, vol. 9(4). link> doi> full text>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Macdonald JA, Furness DN. 2011. Relative time course of degeneration of different cochlear structures in the CD/1 mouse model of accelerated aging. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol, 437-453, vol. 12(4). link> doi>
    • Kuhn S, Johnson SL, Furness DN, Chen J, Ingham N, Hilton JM, Steffes G, Lewis MA, Zampini V, Hackney CM, Masetto S, Holley MC, Steel KP, Marcotti W. 2011. miR-96 regulates the progression of differentiation in mammalian cochlear inner and outer hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2355-2360, vol. 108(6). link> doi>
    • Pickard MR, Jenkins SI, Koller CJ, Furness DN, Chari DM. 2011. Magnetic nanoparticle labeling of astrocytes derived for neural transplantation. Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 89-99, vol. 17(1). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Moore DR, Palmer AR, Summerfield Q. 2010. Abstracts of the british society of audiology short papers meeting on experimental studies of hearing and deafness. Int J Audiol, 672-722, vol. 49(9). doi>
    • Furness DN, Hackney CM, Evans MG. 2010. Localisation of the mechanotransducer channels in mammalian cochlear hair cells provides clues to their gating. J Physiol, 765-772, vol. 588(Pt 5). link> doi>
    • Jasinska M, Siucinska E, Cybulska-Klosowicz A, Pyza E, Furness DN, Kossut M, Glazewski S. 2010. Rapid, learning-induced inhibitory synaptogenesis in murine barrel field. J Neurosci, 1176-1184, vol. 30(3). link> doi> full text>
    • Johnson SL, Franz C, Kuhn S, Furness DN, Rüttiger L, Münkner S, Rivolta MN, Seward EP, Herschman HR, Engel J, Knipper M, Marcotti W. 2010. Synaptotagmin IV determines the linear Ca2+ dependence of vesicle fusion at auditory ribbon synapses. Nat Neurosci, 45-52, vol. 13(1). link> doi>
    • Jiang D, Furness DN, Hackney CM, Lopez DE. 1993. Microslicing of the resin-embedded cochlea in comparison with the surface preparation technique for analysis of hair cell number and morphology. Br J Audiol, 195-203, vol. 27(3). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Hackney CM. 1986. Morphological changes to the stereociliary bundles in the guinea pig cochlea after kanamycin treatment. Br J Audiol, 253-259, vol. 20(4). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Lawton DM, Mahendrasingam S, Hodierne L, Jagger DJ. 2009. Quantitative analysis of the expression of the glutamate-aspartate transporter and identification of functional glutamate uptake reveal a role for cochlear fibrocytes in glutamate homeostasis. Neuroscience, 1307-1321, vol. 162(4). link> doi>
    • Khalil M, Furness D, Polwart A, Hoole D. 2009. X-ray microanalysis (EDXMA) of cadmium-exposed eggs of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea) and the influence of this heavy metal on coracidial hatching and activity. Int J Parasitol, 1093-1098, vol. 39(10). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Hackney CM, Hynd AN. 1990. Rotated stereociliary bundles and their relationship with the tectorial membrane in the guinea pig cochlea. Acta Otolaryngol, 66-75, vol. 109(1-2). link> doi>
    • Furness D. 2007. Abstracts of the British Society of Audiology short papers meeting on experimental studies of hearing and deafness September 2006, Cambridge University, UK. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY, 619-658, vol. 46(10). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Dehnes Y, Akhtar AQ, Rossi DJ, Hamann M, Grutle NJ, Gundersen V, Holmseth S, Lehre KP, Ullensvang K, Wojewodzic M, Zhou Y, Attwell D, Danbolt NC. 2008. A quantitative assessment of glutamate uptake into hippocampal synaptic terminals and astrocytes: new insights into a neuronal role for excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2). Neuroscience, 80-94, vol. 157(1). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, Ohashi M, Fettiplace R, Hackney CM. 2008. The dimensions and composition of stereociliary rootlets in mammalian cochlear hair cells: comparison between high- and low-frequency cells and evidence for a connection to the lateral membrane. J Neurosci, 6342-6353, vol. 28(25). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Katori Y, Nirmal Kumar B, Hackney CM. 2008. The dimensions and structural attachments of tip links in mammalian cochlear hair cells and the effects of exposure to different levels of extracellular calcium. Neuroscience, 10-21, vol. 154(1). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1983. THE CYTOLOGY OF SHEEP RUMEN CILIATES .1. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF EPIDINIUM-CAUDATUM CRAWLEY. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 676-687, vol. 30(4). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1985. THE CYTOLOGY OF SHEEP RUMEN CILIATES .2. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF EUDIPLODINIUM-MAGGII. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 205-214, vol. 32(1). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1985. THE CYTOLOGY OF SHEEP RUMEN CILIATES .3. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE GENUS ENTODINIUM (STEIN). JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 699-707, vol. 32(4). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1988. THE FUNCTIONAL AND EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE OPHRYOSCOLECIDAE (ORDER ENTODINIOMORPHIDA). JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 34-38, vol. 35(1). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Lehre KP. 1997. Immunocytochemical localization of a high-affinity glutamate-aspartate transporter, GLAST, in the rat and guinea-pig cochlea. Eur J Neurosci, 1961-1969, vol. 9(9). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Katori Y, Mahendrasingam S, Hackney CM. 2005. Differential distribution of beta- and gamma-actin in guinea-pig cochlear sensory and supporting cells. Hear Res, 22-34, vol. 207(1-2). link> doi>
    • Schnee ME, Lawton DM, Furness DN, Benke TA, Ricci AJ. 2005. Auditory hair cell-afferent fiber synapses are specialized to operate at their best frequencies. Neuron, 243-254, vol. 47(2). link> doi>
    • Holmseth S, Dehnes Y, Bjørnsen LP, Boulland J-L, Furness DN, Bergles D, Danbolt NC. 2005. Specificity of antibodies: unexpected cross-reactivity of antibodies directed against the excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3). Neuroscience, 649-660, vol. 136(3). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Lawton DM. 2003. Comparative distribution of glutamate transporters and receptors in relation to afferent innervation density in the mammalian cochlea. J Neurosci, 11296-11304, vol. 23(36). link> doi>
    • Danbolt NC, Bjomsen LP, Dehnes Y, Furness DN, Holmseth S, Lehre KP, Kanzler A, Mylonakou MN, Qureshi A, Ullensvang K. 2004. Synaptic distribution of glutamate transporters. Journal of Neurochemistry (Suppl)..
    • Furness DN, Karkanevatos A, West B, Hackney CM. 2002. An immunogold investigation of the distribution of calmodulin in the apex of cochlear hair cells. Hearing Research, 10-20, vol. 173(1-2). doi>
    • FURNESS DN, Hackney CM, Hulme JA, Lawton DM. 2002. Distribution of the Glutamate/Aspartate Transporter GLAST in Relation to the Afferent Synapses of Outer Hair Cells in the Guinea Pig Cochlea. Journal of the Association for research in Otolaryngology, 234-247, vol. 3(3). doi>
    • Schulte CC, Meyer J, Furness DN, Hackney CM, Kleyman TR, Gummer AW. 2002. Functional effects of a monoclonal antibody on mechanoelectrical transduction in outer hair cells. Hear Res, 190-205, vol. 164(1-2). link> doi>
    • Lawton DM, Furness DN, Lindemann B, Hackney CM. 2000. Localization of the glutamate-aspartate transporter, GLAST, in rat taste buds. Eur J Neurosci, 3163-3171, vol. 12(9). link> doi>
    • Danbolt NC, Beckstrom H, Chaudhry FA, Dehnes Y, Furness D, Haugeto O, Lehre KP, Levy LM, Ullensvang K, Storm-Mathisen J. 2001. Roles of glutamate transporters in the brain. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, 115, vol. 78. link>
    • Papakostas K, Hackney CM, Furness DN. 2000. The distribution of the calcium buffer calbindin in the cochlea of the guinea-pig. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci, 570-576, vol. 25(6). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM, Karkanevatos A, Furness DN. 2000. Distribution of tropomyosin in guinea-pig cochlear hair cells. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, 92P-93P, vol. 527. link>
    • Löwenheim H, Furness DN, Kil J, Zinn C, Gültig K, Fero ML, Frost D, Gummer AW, Roberts JM, Rubel EW, Hackney CM, Zenner HP. 1999. Gene disruption of p27(Kip1) allows cell proliferation in the postnatal and adult organ of corti. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 4084-4088, vol. 96(7). link> doi>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 1998. Ultrastructural localisation of spectrin in sensory and supporting cells of guinea-pig organ of Corti. Hear Res, 151-160, vol. 126(1-2). link> doi>
    • Meyer J, Furness DN, Zenner HP, Hackney CM, Gummer AW. 1998. Evidence for opening of hair-cell transducer channels after tip-link loss. J Neurosci, 6748-6756, vol. 18(17). link> doi>
    • Hulme JA, Lawton DM, Furness DN. 1998. Supporting cell processes at the base of cochlear inner hair cells label for the glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 285, vol. 10. link>
    • Hackney CM, Macnamara M, Furness DN. 1997. The effects of lowering extracellular [Ca2+] on the structure of the stereociliary bundle of turtle cochlear hair cells. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P131, vol. 504P. link>
    • Furness DN, Zetes DE, Hackney CM, Steele CR. 1997. Kinematic analysis of shear displacement as a means for operating mechanotransduction channels in the contact region between adjacent stereocilia of mammalian cochlear hair cells. Proc Biol Sci, 45-51, vol. 264(1378). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM, Furness DN, Benos DJ, Woodley JF, Barratt J. 1992. Putative immunolocalization of the mechanoelectrical transduction channels in mammalian cochlear hair cells. Proc Biol Sci, 215-221, vol. 248(1323). link> doi>
    • Katori Y, Hackney CM, Furness DN. 1996. Immunoreactivity of sensory hair bundles of the guinea-pig cochlea to antibodies against elastin and keratan sulphate. Cell Tissue Res, 473-479, vol. 284(3). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Hackney CM, Benos DJ. 1996. The binding site on cochlear stereocilia for antisera raised against renal Na+ channels is blocked by amiloride and dihydrostreptomycin. Hear Res, 136-146, vol. 93(1-2). link> doi>
    • KATORI Y, HACKNEY CM, FURNESS DN. 1995. A COMPARISON OF THE IMMUNOLABELING PATTERNS WITH ANTIBODIES TO KERATAN SULFATE AND ELASTIN IN GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA HAIR BUNDLES. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P32-P33, vol. 485P. link>
    • HACKNEY CM and FURNESS DN. 1995. FIELD-EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY OF COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS - TIP LINKS, LATERAL LINKS AND TIP JUNCTIONS ON STEREOCILIA. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P2, vol. 485P. link>
    • FURNESS DN, HACKNEY CM, ZETES DE. 1995. MECHANOTRANSDUCTION CHANNELS ON COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS COULD BE OPERATED BY SHEAR DISPLACEMENT. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P16-P17, vol. 485P. link>
    • Hilger AW, Furness DN, Wilson JP. 1995. The possible relationship between transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and organ of Corti irregularities in the guinea pig. Hear Res, 1-11, vol. 84(1-2). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM and Furness DN. 1995. Mechanotransduction in vertebrate hair cells: structure and function of the stereociliary bundle. Am J Physiol, C1-13, vol. 268(1 Pt 1). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM, Fettiplace R, Furness DN. 1993. The functional morphology of stereociliary bundles on turtle cochlear hair cells. Hear Res, 163-175, vol. 69(1-2). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and HACKNEY CM. 1993. THE FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY OF STEREOCILIARY BUNDLES ON COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS OF THE TURTLE. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P352, vol. 467. link>
    • HACKNEY CM, FURNESS DN, BENOS DJ. 1992. BINDING OF A POLYCLONAL ANTIBODY RAISED AGAINST AN AMILORIDE-SENSITIVE NA+ CHANNEL TO GUINEA-PIG COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS INVITRO IS REDUCED BY DRUGS KNOWN TO AFFECT MECHANOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCTION. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P113, vol. 446. link>
    • HACKNEY CM, FURNESS DN, BENOS DJ. 1991. LOCALIZATION OF PUTATIVE MECHANOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCER CHANNELS IN COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS BY IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY. SCANNING MICROSCOPY, 741-746, vol. 5(3). link>
    • Hackney CM, Furness DN, Benos DJ. 1991. Localisation of putative mechanoelectrical transducer channels in cochlear hair cells by immunoelectron microscopy. Scanning Microsc, 741-745, vol. 5(3). link>
    • HACKNEY CM and FURNESS DN. 1991. ANTIBODIES TO AMILORIDE-SENSITIVE SODIUM-CHANNELS REVEAL THE POSSIBLE LOCATION OF THE MECHANOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCER CHANNELS IN GUINEA-PIG COCHLEAR HAIR-CELLS. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, P124, vol. 438. link>
    • Furness DN, Hackney CM, Steyger PS. 1990. Organization of microtubules in cochlear hair cells. J Electron Microsc Tech, 261-279, vol. 15(3). link> doi>
    • Steyger PS, Furness DN, Hackney CM, Richardson GP. 1989. Tubulin and microtubules in cochlear hair cells: comparative immunocytochemistry and ultrastructure. Hear Res, 1-16, vol. 42(1). link> doi>
    • Furness DN, Richardson GP, Russell IJ. 1989. Stereociliary bundle morphology in organotypic cultures of the mouse cochlea. Hear Res, 95-109, vol. 38(1-2). link> doi>
    • HACKNEY CM and FURNESS DN. 1988. ARE THE STEREOCILIARY TIP LINKAGES ON OUTER HAIR-CELLS IN THE GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA SENSITIVE TO CHRONIC APPLICATION OF KANAMYCIN. HEARING RESEARCH, 279-281, vol. 35(2-3). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM and Furness DN. 1988. Are the stereociliary tip linkages on outer hair cells in the guinea pig cochlea sensitive to chronic application of kanamycin?. Hear Res, 279-283, vol. 35(2-3). link> doi>
    • HACKNEY CM, FURNESS DN, SAYERS DL. 1988. STEREOCILIARY CROSS-LINKS BETWEEN ADJACENT INNER HAIR-CELLS. HEARING RESEARCH, 207-212, vol. 34(2). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM, Furness DN, Sayers DL. 1988. Stereociliary cross-links between adjacent inner hair cells. Hear Res, 207-211, vol. 34(2). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Hackney CM. 1986. High-resolution scanning-electron microscopy of stereocilia using the osmium-thiocarbohydrazide coating technique. Hear Res, 243-249, vol. 21(3). link> doi>
    • Hackney CM and Furness DN. 1986. Intercellular cross-linkages between the stereociliary bundles of adjacent hair cells in the guinea pig cochlea. Cell Tissue Res, 685-688, vol. 245(3). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1986. MORPHOGENESIS OF INFRACILIATURE IN THE ENTODINIOMORPHID CILIATE EUDIPLODINIUM-MAGGII. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE RESEARCH, 16-29, vol. 94(1). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN, HACKNEY CM, EVANS EF. 1986. THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF STEREOCILIARY CROSS-LINKS. HEARING RESEARCH, 79, vol. 22(1-3). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Hackney CM. 1985. Cross-links between stereocilia in the guinea pig cochlea. Hear Res, 177-188, vol. 18(2). link> doi>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1984. MORPHOGENETIC ASPECT OF ASEXUAL DIVISION IN EUDIPLODINIUM-MAGGII. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, A45, vol. 31(4). link>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1984. MORPHOLOGY OF THE ORAL-REGION IN RUMEN CILIATES. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, A45, vol. 31(4). link>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1983. ULTRASTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF ASEXUAL DIVISION IN EUDIPLODINIUM-MAGGII. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, A37, vol. 30(3). link>
    • BUTLER RD and FURNESS DN. 1982. THE STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY OF SHEEP RUMEN CILIATES. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 322, vol. 29(2). link>
    • FURNESS DN and BUTLER RD. 1982. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE RUMEN CILIATE EPIDINIUM-CAUDATUM. JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY, 636-637, vol. 29(4). link>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Fettiplace R, Alagramam K, Cross E, Furness DN. 2017. Changes in the distribution of lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 5 (Lhfpl5) in mice cochlear hair bundles during development and in the absence of protocadherin 15.
    • Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, McDonald J. 2017. Ultrastructural organisation and composition of the extracellular matrix surrounding fibrocytes in the spiral ligament of the mouse cochlea.

    Chapters

    • Furness DN. 2002. Hearing and Balance:The vestibular system. In Signals and Perception:The Fundamentals of Human Sensation. Roberts D (Ed.). Palgrave MacMillan, Basingstoke.

    Other

    • Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, Hackney CM. 2009. CONNECTIONS BETWEEN STEREOCILIARY ROOTLETS AND LATERAL WALL: A POSSIBLE ROUTE FOR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN BUNDLE AND PRESTIN BASED COCHLEAR AMPLIFICATION?. CONCEPTS AND CHALLENGES IN THE BIOPHYSICS OF HEARING (pp. 459-+). link> doi>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Furness DN, Fettiplace R, Hackney CM. 2009. PRESTIN DISTRIBUTION IN RAT OUTER CELLS - AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY. CONCEPTS AND CHALLENGES IN THE BIOPHYSICS OF HEARING (pp. 407-+). link> doi>
    • Danbolt NC, Attwell D, Bergles D, Dehnes Y, Furness DN, Gundersen V, Hamann M, Holmseth S, Lehre KP, Qureshi A, Rossi D, Ullensvang K. 2006. Glutamate transporters around synapses. JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY (p. 87, vol. 96). link>
    • Furness DN. 2004. Comparative uptake of FM1-43 and methylene blue by developing auditory hair cells. British Society of Audiology Short Papers Meetings Abstracts.
    • Furness DN and Lawton DM. 2004. The Effect of Mild Hair-Cell damage and Long-Term Hair-Cell Loss on the Expressoin of the Glutamate Transporter GLAST in the Cochlea. Association for Research in Otolaryngology.
    • Schnee ME, Lawton DM, Furness DN, Ricci A. 2004. Tonotopic Differences in Synaptic Release as Measured by Membrane Capacitance Changes in Hair Cells from the Turtle Auditory Papilla. Association for Research in Otolaryngology.
    • Furness DN and Lawton DM. 2003. An investigation of the cochleotopic distributions of GLAST, VGLUT1 and GluR4 in the guinea pig organ of Corti using immuncytochemistry. Abstracts of the 26th Midwinter meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology.
    • Furness DN, Katori Y, Hackney CM. 2003. The relative distribution of $BETA$ and $gamma$-actin isoforms in the guinea-pig organ of Corti.
    • Furness DN, Hulme JA, Lawton DM, Hackney CM. 2001. Distribution of the Glutamate/Aspartate Transporter GLAST in Relation to the Afferent Synapses of Outer Hair Cells in the Guinea Pig Cochlea. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology. doi>
    • Wright DJ, Furness DN, Evans MG. 2002. Confocal imaging of alpha-bungarotoxin-tagged acetylcholine receptors in outer hair cells. International Journal of Audiology.
    • Lawton DM and Furness DN. 2002. Factors influencing the distribution of the glutamate-aspartate transporter, GLAST, in the mammalian cochlea. International Journal of Audiology.
    • Hackney CM, Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, Papakostas K, Fettiplace R. 2002. Immunocytochemical investigations of the distribution of calcium buffers in the basilar papilla of the turtle. International Journal of Audiology.
    • Hackney CM, Furness DN, Mahendrasingam S, Papakostas K, Fettiplace R. 2002. Immunocytochemical investigations of the distribution of calcium buffers in the basilar papilla of the turtle. International Journal of Audiology.
    • Matthews J, Kumar BN, Furness DN. 2002. Putative cellular targets in autoimmune inner ear disease caused by ulcerative colitis. International Journal of Audiology.
    • De R, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 2001. An immunocytochemical analysis of collagen IV within the mammalian inner ear. British Journal of Audiology.
    • Lawton DM, Moores D, Furness DN. 2001. Comparative distribution of the glutamate-aspartate transporter GLAST in apical and basal turns of the CD-1 mouse cochlea. British Journal of Audiology.
    • Wright DJ, Furness DN, Evans MG. 2001. The influence of external calcium concentration on the acetylcholine receptor current in mammalian outer hair cells. British Journal of Audiology.
    • Walsh RM, Hackney CM, Furness DN. 2000. Regeneration of the mammalian vestibular sensory epithelium following gentamicin-induced damage. J Otolaryngol (pp. 351-360, vol. 29). link>
    • Wright DJ, Evans MG, Furness DN. 2000. Physiological and anatomical investigation of acetylcholine receptor localization in mammalian cochlear outer hair cells. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (pp. 81-82, vol. 34). link>
    • Furness DN and Hackney CM. 2000. The distribution of calmodulin in cochlear hair cells after exposure to high or low extracellular calcium. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (p. 80, vol. 34). link>
    • De R, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 2000. The distribution of collagen IV in the mammalian utricle. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (pp. 82-83, vol. 34). link>
    • Hackney CM, West B, Furness DN. 2000. The composition of linkages between stereocilia. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN AUDITORY MECHANICS (pp. 302-306). link>
    • Quint E, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 1998. The effect of explantation and neomycin on hair cells and supporting cells in organotypic cultures of the adult guinea-pig utricle. Hear Res (pp. 157-167, vol. 118). link> doi>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Katori Y, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 1997. Ultrastructural localization of cadherin in the adult guinea-pig organ of Corti. Hear Res (pp. 85-92, vol. 111). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Lehre KP. 1997. Immunocytochemical localization of the high affinity glutamate/aspartate transporter, GLAST, in the rat and guinea-pig cochlea. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (pp. 120-121, vol. 31). link>
    • Katori Y, Mahendrasingam S, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 1997. Localization of beta-cytoplasmic actin in guinea pig organ of Corti using post-embedding immunogold labelling. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (pp. 74-75, vol. 31). link>
    • Mahendrasingam S, Katori Y, Furness DN, Hackney CM. 1997. Localization of cadherin in guinea-pig organ of Corti using post-embedding immunogold labelling. BRITISH JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY (pp. 73-74, vol. 31). link>
    • Quint E, Hackney CM, Furness DN. 1996. The effect of neomycin on organotypic cultures of the adult guinea-pig utricle. Ann N Y Acad Sci (pp. 683-685, vol. 781). link> doi>
    • Furness DN and Hackney CM. 1990. Comparative ultrastructure of subsurface cisternae in inner and outer hair cells of the guinea pig cochlea. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol (pp. 12-15, vol. 247). link> doi>
    • HACKNEY CM, FURNESS DN, STEYGER PS. 1990. STRUCTURAL ABNORMALITIES IN INNER HAIR-CELLS FOLLOWING KANAMYCIN-INDUCED OUTER HAIR CELL LOSS. MECHANICS AND BIOPHYSICS OF HEARING (pp. 10-17, vol. 87). link>

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