School of Pharmacy
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I joined the Department of Medicines Management in 1997. My background is in psychology and epidemiology and my research interests include drug addiction, medical decision making and prescribing analysis. I oversee the research modules and teach the Psychology of Addiction module. I am member of the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs (ISCD) http://www.drugscience.org.uk/
Selected Publications
Full Publications List show
Journal Articles
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2009. Assessing the validity of recent estimates of problematic drug use in England. J Epidemiol Community Health, vol. 63(1), 87-88. link> doi> full text>
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2009. Croft response to Stevens and Reuter Frisher et al. J Public Health, vol. 31, 309-310.
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2009. REVEALING THE ROLE OF CONTEXT, EXPERIENCE AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THE ASSESSMENT OF HEROIN ADDICTS' DECISION MAKING ABILITIES. EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY, vol. 24. link>
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2007. Validating estimates of problematic drug use in England. BMC Public Health, vol. 7, 286. link> doi> full text>
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2006. Forecasting drug use. Internation Journal of Drug Policy, vol. 17, 159-163. doi>
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2006. Prevalence of problematic and injecting drug use for Drug Action Team areas in England. Journal of Public Health, vol. 28(1), 3-9. doi>
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2006. Drug use desistance. Criminology and Criminal Justice, vol. 6(1), 127-145. doi>
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2006. Forecasting Drug use: Commentary on "Recent spread of Heroin Use in the United States" by Leon. G Hunt. International Journal of Drug Policy, vol. 17(3), 159-163.
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2005. Substance misuse and psychiatric illness: prospective observational study using the general practice research database. J Epidemiol Community Health, vol. 59(10), 847-850. link> doi> full text>
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2004. Supporting the evidence based treatment of individual drug users: The case for 'patient profile decision analysis'. International Journal of Drug Policy. doi>
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2005. Individual and population risk of drug use among adolescents attending an English Youth Offending Team: An epidemiological approach. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, vol. 16(1), 11-23. doi>
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2005. Neuroimaging and addiction. EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY, vol. 20, S20. link>
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2004. Barriers to the adoption of computerised decision support systems in general practice consultations: A qualitative study of GPs' perspectives. International Journal of Medical Informatics.
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2004. Prevalence of comorbid psychiatric illness and substance misuse in primary care in England and Wales. Journal of Epidemiological Community Health, vol. 58(12), 1035-1041.
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2004. Prevalence of comorbid psychiatric illness and substance misuse in primary care in England and Wales. Journal of Epidemiological Community Health. doi>
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2003. Estimating prevalence of problem drug use at national level in countries of the European Union and Norway. Addiction, vol. 98(4), 471-485. doi>
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2003. The development and evaluation of a computerised decision support system for primary care based upon 'patient profile decision analysis'. Informatics in Primary Care, vol. 11(4), 195-202.
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2003. The development and evaluation of a computerised decision support system for primary care based upon 'patient profile decision analysis'. Inform Prim Care, vol. 11(4), 195-202. link>
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2003. Why are eligible patients not prescribed aspirin in primary care? A qualitative study indicating measures for improvement. BMC Family Practice.
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2002. Diffusion of drug misuse in Scotland: Findings from the 1993 and 1996 Scottish Crime Surveys. Addiction Research. doi>
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2002. Early exposure to infections and antibiotics and the incidence of allergic disease: a birth cohort study with the West Midlands General Practice Research Database. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
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2002. Estimating drug prevalence: Review of methods with special reference to developing countries. UN bulletin on narcotics, vol. LIV, 15-33.
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2002. Explaining risks: The importance of GPs' understanding. BMJ.
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2002. Prescribing patterns in Premenstrual Syndrome. Biomed Central Women's Health.
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2002. The Development Of A Computerised Decision Support System To Assist GP Prescribing In The Secondary Prevention Of Stroke. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, vol. 11, 142.
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2002. Variations in prescribing atypical antipsychotic drugs in primary care: cross-sectional study. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety.
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2001. A comparison of different methods for estimating the prevalence of problematic drug misuse in Great Britain. Addiction. doi>
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2001. Computerised projection of future heroin epidemics: A necessity for the 21st Century. Journal of Substance Use and Abuse. doi>
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2001. Prevalence of comorbid mental illness and drug use recorded in general practice: preliminary findings from the General Practice Research Database. Drugs: education, prevention and policy.
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2001. Siblings, multiple births and the incidence of allergic disease: A birth cohort study using the West Midlands General Practice Research Database. Thorax.
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2001. Trends in antibiotic prescribing and associated indications in primary care from 1993-1997. Journal of Public Health Medicine. doi>
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2001. Trends in antibiotic prescribing and associated indications in primary care from 1993-1997. Journal of Public Health Medicine.
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2000. Are triptans with enhanced lipophilicity used for the acute treatment of migraine associated with an increased consulting rate for depressive illness?. Cephalalgia, vol. 20, 1-8.
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2000. Defining the spectrum of appropriate prescribing: implications for effective medicines management. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine, vol. 14, 17-21.
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2000. Extent and contributing factors of drug expenditure of drug injectors in Glasgow. British Medical Journal, vol. 176, 166-172.
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2000. Prescribing of inhalers in airways disease: An analysis of age-specific rates and switching between delivery systems. Journal of Applied Therapeutic Research, vol. 2, 253-259.
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2000. Ratio of inhaled corticosteroid to bronchodilator treatment and asthma hospitalisation. Curr Med Res Opin, vol. 16(1), 8-13. link>
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2000. Ratio of inhaled corticosteroid to broncholilator and hospital referral for asthma. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, vol. 16(1), 8-13.
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2000. Using the General Practice Research Database to generate and "at risk register" for a primary care stroke prevention programe. Value in Health, vol. 3(5).
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1999. A critical appraisal of current issues and research in the Uk. Critical Public Health, vol. 9, 181-195.
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1999. Can control of blood pressure be improved by an intervention by community pharmacists?. Pharmaceutical Journal, vol. 263, R16.
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1999. Effective Monitoring of young people's use of illegal drugs: meta-analysis of UK trends and recommendations. British Journal of Criminology, vol. 39, 575-584.
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1999. Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use in inner-London. Addiction, vol. 94(11), 1653-1662.
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1999. Medicine misuse or abuse? A critical appraisal of current issues and research in the UK. Critical Public Health, vol. 9, 181-195.
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1999. Switching between metered dose inhalers (MDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) in airways disease: an analysis of age-specific rates using the General Practice Research Database. Journal of Applied Therapeutic Research, vol. 2, 253-259.
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1999. What is the effect on patient satisfaction of an intervention by community pharmacists?. Pharmaceutical Journal, vol. 263, R16-R17.
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1998. General practice research database for prescribing analysis. Lancet, vol. 351, 453-454. doi>
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1998. Data available before products are launched are poor. BMJ, vol. 316, 228-229.
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1997. Estimating the incidence and prevalence of injecting drug use in Glasgow. Addiction Research, vol. 5, 307-315. doi>
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1996. Non-fatal overdosing is related to polydrug use in Glasgow. BMJ, vol. 313(7069), 1400-1401. link>
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1995. HIV/AIDS-related behavior change among injecting drug users in different national settings. AIDS, vol. 9(6), 611-617. link>
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1994. TIDELINE AND TURN - POSSIBLE REASONS FOR THE CONTINUING LOW HIV PREVALENCE AMONG GLASGOW INJECTING DRUG-USERS. SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW, vol. 42(4), 738-757. link>
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1994. Comparison of four survey methods designed to estimate the prevalence of HIV among female prostitutes who inject drugs. Int J STD AIDS, vol. 5(3), 186-188. link>
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1994. Low and stable prevalence of HIV among drug injectors in Glasgow. Int J STD AIDS, vol. 5(2), 105-107. link>
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1994. LONGITUDINAL AND CROSS-SECTIONAL MORTALITY STUDIES IN INJECTING DRUG-USERS - REPLY. JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH, vol. 48(1), 101. link>
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1993. Transmission of HIV in prison. Evidence of risk. BMJ, vol. 307(6904), 623. link>
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1993. Estimating the population prevalence of injection drug use and infection with human immunodeficiency virus among injection drug users in Glasgow, Scotland. Am J Epidemiol, vol. 138(3), 170-181. link>
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1993. Modeling the behavior and attributes of injecting drug users: a new approach to identifying HIV risk practices. Int J Addict, vol. 28(2), 129-152. link>
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1992. HIV prevalence among female street prostitutes attending a health-care drop-in centre in Glasgow. AIDS, vol. 6(12), 1553-1554. link>
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1992. Reduction in needle sharing among community wide samples of injecting drug users. Int J STD AIDS, vol. 3(4), 288-290. link>
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1992. Triazolam as a substance of abuse among injecting drug users. Br J Addict, vol. 87(6), 940-941. link>
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1992. The importance of multisite sampling in determining the prevalence of HIV among drug injectors in Glasgow and London. AIDS, vol. 6(5), 517-518. link>
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1992. Estimated prevalence of injecting drug use in Glasgow. Br J Addict, vol. 87(2), 235-243. link>
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1991. Trends in morbidity and general practitioners' workload for middle-aged and elderly people from 1956 to 1982. J Public Health Med, vol. 13(3), 198-203. link>
Chapters
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2009. Epidemiology of drug misuse and psychiatric comorbidity in primary care. In MacGregor S. Responding to Drug misuse. Research and Policy Priorities in Health and Social Care. London & New York, Routlege, Taylor and Francis Group.
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2009. Epidemiology of Drug misuse and psychiatric comorbidity in Primary care. In Responding to Drugs Misuse: Research and Policy Priorities in Health and Social Care. (2009th ed.). S McGregor Ed.
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2004. The epidemiology of substance misuse recorded in young people. In Young people and substance misuse. Crome I, Ghodse AH, al EGE (Eds.). London: Gaskell.
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2001. Modelling drug misuse in Europe using geographic information systems. In Modelling drug use: methods to quantify and understand hidden processes. Sharp F and Neaman R (Eds.). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the EC.
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2001. Modelling drug use: methods to quantify and understand hidden processes. In Modelling drug misuse in Europe using geographic information systems. Sharp F and Neaman R (Eds.). Office for Official Publications of the EC, Luxenburg.
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2000. Cost-effectiveness of migraine therapy: evaluating new acute treatments. In The Effective Mangement of Headache. Goadsby PJ, Dowson A, Miles A (Eds.). London: Aesculapius Medical Press.
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1998. Issues and directions in prescribing analysis. In Medicines Managemengt. Panton RS and Chapman S (Eds.). London: BMJ Books.
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1998. Mobility, migration and drug injecting. In Drug injecting and HIV infection: global dimensions and local responses. Stimson G, Des Jarlais D, Ball A (Eds.). London: UCL Press.
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1998. Preventing epidemics of HIV-1 among injecting drug users. In Drug injecting and HIV infection: global dimensions and local responses. Stimson G, Des Jarlais D, Ball A (Eds.). London: UCL Press.
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1997. Studies on registration of drug related death in Europe. In Drug related death in Europe. Danish National Board of Health.
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1997. Estimating the prevalence of drug use using the mortality multiplier method. In Estimating the prevalence of drug misuse in Europe. Stimson G, Hickman M, Quirk A, Frischer M (Eds.).
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1997. More complex capture-recapture models: an illustrative case study using data from ?. In Estimating the prevalence of drug misuse in Europe. Stimson G, Hickman M, Quirk A, Frischer M (Eds.).
Other
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2012. DECIDING TO CONSULT THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER FOR SYMPTOMATIC OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CHOICE-BASED CONJOINT ANALYSIS STUDY. RHEUMATOLOGY (vol. 51, p. 37). link>
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2012. Preventing opioid overdoses in Europe: a critical assessment of known risk factors and preventative measures. link>
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2007. Predictive factors for illicit drug use among young people: a literature review.
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2006. Estimating the prevalence of problematic and injecting drug use for Drug Action Team areas in England.
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2006. Psychiatric research using General Practice Data.
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2003. A national epidemiological study of comorbid substance abuse and psychiatric illness in primary care between 1993-1998 using the General Practice Research Database.
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2005. Drug Use: Commentary on "Recent Spread of Heroin Use in the United States" by Leon G Hunt.
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2004. Estimated prevalence of problematic and injecting drugs use: Survey of Drug Action Teams in England.
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2004. Understanding problem drug use among young people accessing drug services: A multivariate approach using statistical modelling techniques.
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2003. A national epidemiological study of comorbid substance abuse and psychiatric illness in primary care between 1993-1998 using the GPRD.
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2003. Estimating the prevalence of problematic and injecting drug use for drug action team areas in England: A feasibility study using the multiple indicator method.
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2003. Part 2: Epidemiological situation: Prevalence, patterns and developments in drug use.
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2003. Precursors and consequences of problematic drug use: A study of young people accessing designated drug services.
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2002. Addiction Abstracts Review.
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2000. Drug misuse in Scotland: findings from the 1993 and 1996 Scottish crime surveys.
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1999. Study to obtain comparable national estimates of problem drug use prevalence for all EU member states.
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1999. Pilot project to develop a model of geographical spread of drug misuse in the Europen Union.
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1999. How should the transition to CFC-free inhalers be managed?.
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1999. Issues in assessing the nature and extent of local drug misuse.
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1998. European network to develop policy relevant models of drug use, consequences and interventions.
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1998. Pilot project to develop a model of geographical spread of drug misuse in the European Union.
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1997. Modelling drug misuse in Europe using geographical information systems.
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1997. Drug misuse in Scotland: findings from the 1993 and 1996 Scottish crime surveys.
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1997. Injecting drug use in three Scottish cities: HIV infection and risk behaviour.
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1997. Estimates of drug use prevalence in Ayrshire and Arran.
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1996. Estimating the prevalence of drug misuse in Scotland: a critical review and practical guide.
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1996. Self reported illnesses and overdosing among Glasgow drug injectors.
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1996. Travel and risk of HIV risk among Glasgow drug injectors.
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1992. THE WHO BEHAVIOURAL AND HIV PREVALENCE STUDY OF INJECTING DRUG USERS. 36TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ALCOHOL AND DRUG DEPENDENCE, VOLS I & II (pp. 102-106). link>
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1992. WHAT DISTINGUISHES NEEDLE EXCHANGE ATTENDERS FROM NON-ATTENDERS. 36TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ALCOHOL AND DRUG DEPENDENCE, VOLS I & II (pp. 56-59). link>

