Prof Gwyn Thomas Williams

Title: Professor of Biochemistry
Phone: +44 (0)1782 733032
Email:
Location: Huxley Building : 301
Role: 3rd year tutor for BMS and BCH, Radiation Safety Officer, Life Sciences & ISTM (Huxley Building).
Contacting me: Email for an appointment
gwyn williams

I am originally from Ebbw Vale in South Wales (apparently it still shows in the way I say “molecular”). My first degree was in Biochemistry at Warwick University, graduating in 1975, and my D.Phil. was in Cell and Molecular Biology at Sussex University, graduating in 1979. After carrying out post-doctoral research at St. George’s Hospital Medical School in London, I worked as Lecturer and then Senior Lecturer in Birmingham University from 1983 to 1993. I was appointed Professor of Biochemistry at Keele in 1993.

My research interests are in molecular cell biology, i.e. in analysis of the way that cells, mammalian and human cells in particular, function and are controlled. My research is focused on the molecular control of apoptosis (programmed cell death), which is a key process in the normal physiology of the human body, especially during embryonic development and in the immune system. Mutations in apoptosis-controlling genes underlie many forms of cancer as well as autoimmune and degenerative diseases. Our long-term strategy has been to identify new apoptosis-controlling genes directly through their effects on cell survival. We have identified several new genes regulating apoptosis and are now investigating their mechanisms of action and evaluating their importance in diseases where apoptosis is either insufficient or excessive. We are looking at how the levels of expression of these genes are changed in cancer in order to find out how important they are in cancer development and in the development of drug-resistance. I am part of the Apoptosis Research Group within the Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM).

Selected Publications

  • Pickard MR, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT. 2013. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 regulates apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. Biochim Biophys Acta, vol. 1832(10), 1613-1623. link> doi>
  • Siew EL, Chan KM, Williams GT, Ross D, Inayat-Hussain SH. 2012. Protection of hydroquinone-induced apoptosis by downregulation of Fau is mediated by NQO1. FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol. 53(8), 1616-1624. link> doi>
  • Miest JJ, Falco A, Pionnier NPM, Frost P, Irnazarow I, Williams GT, Hoole D. 2012. The influence of dietary beta-glucan, PAMP exposure and Aeromonas salmonicida on apoptosis modulation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 33(4), 846-856. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Watson D, Munir M, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2013. Apoptosis suppression by candidate oncogene PLAC8 is reversed in other cell types. Curr Cancer Drug Targets, vol. 13(1), 80-91. link>
  • Williams GT and Farzaneh F. 2012. Are snoRNAs and snoRNA host genes new players in cancer?. Nat Rev Cancer, vol. 12(2), 84-88. link> doi>

Full Publications List show

Journal Articles

  • Pickard MR, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT. 2013. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 regulates apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. Biochim Biophys Acta, vol. 1832(10), 1613-1623. link> doi>
  • Siew EL, Chan KM, Williams GT, Ross D, Inayat-Hussain SH. 2012. Protection of hydroquinone-induced apoptosis by downregulation of Fau is mediated by NQO1. FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol. 53(8), 1616-1624. link> doi>
  • Miest JJ, Falco A, Pionnier NPM, Frost P, Irnazarow I, Williams GT, Hoole D. 2012. The influence of dietary beta-glucan, PAMP exposure and Aeromonas salmonicida on apoptosis modulation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 33(4), 846-856. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Watson D, Munir M, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2013. Apoptosis suppression by candidate oncogene PLAC8 is reversed in other cell types. Curr Cancer Drug Targets, vol. 13(1), 80-91. link>
  • Williams GT and Farzaneh F. 2012. Are snoRNAs and snoRNA host genes new players in cancer?. Nat Rev Cancer, vol. 12(2), 84-88. link> doi>
  • Pickard MR, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT. 2011. Candidate tumour suppressor Fau regulates apoptosis in human cells: an essential role for Bcl-G. Biochim Biophys Acta, vol. 1812(9), 1146-1153. link> doi>
  • Williams GT, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Farzaneh F. 2011. A critical role for non-coding RNA GAS5 in growth arrest and rapamycin inhibition in human T-lymphocytes. Biochem Soc Trans, vol. 39(2), 482-486. link> doi>
  • Hasan AM, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Hameed MS, Williams GT, Dent G. 2010. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma mediates chemotactic responses of human eosinophils to platelet-activating factor. Int Immunopharmacol, vol. 10(9), 1017-1021. link> doi>
  • Pickard MR, Edwards SE, Cooper CS, Williams GT. 2010. Apoptosis regulators Fau and Bcl-G are down-regulated in prostate cancer. Prostate, vol. 70(14), 1513-1523. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Hasan AM, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2010. Inhibition of human T-cell proliferation by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) antagonists requires noncoding RNA growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5). Mol Pharmacol, vol. 78(1), 19-28. link> doi>
  • Inayat-Hussain SH, Ibrahim HA, Siew EL, Rajab NF, Chan KM, Williams GT, Ross D. 2010. Modulation of the benzene metabolite hydroquinone induced toxicity: Evidence for an important role of fau. CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS, vol. 184(1-2), 310-312. link> doi>
  • Inayat-Hussain SH, Chan KM, Rajab NF, Din LB, Chow SC, Kizilors A, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2010. Goniothalamin-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis via caspase-2 independent and Bcl-2 independent pathways in Jurkat T-cells. TOXICOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 193(1), 108-114. link> doi>
  • Moss EL, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Pickard MR, Redman CW, Williams GT. 2010. FAU regulates carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer, vol. 49(1), 70-77. link> doi>
  • Inayat-Hussain SH, Wong LT, Chan KM, Rajab NF, Din LB, Harun R, Kizilors A, Saxena N, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2009. RACK-1 overexpression protects against goniothalamin-induced cell death. TOXICOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 191(2-3), 118-122. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M and Williams GT. 2009. Protein phosphatase 4 regulates apoptosis in leukemic and primary human T-cells. Leuk Res, vol. 33(11), 1539-1551. link> doi>
  • Pickard MR, Darling D, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2009. Preparation and characterization of prostate cell lines for functional cloning studies to identify regulators of apoptosis. J Androl, vol. 30(3), 248-258. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Pickard MR, Hedge VL, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2009. GAS5, a non-protein-coding RNA, controls apoptosis and is downregulated in breast cancer. Oncogene, vol. 28(2), 195-208. link> doi>
  • Pickard MR, Green AR, Ellis IO, Caldas C, Hedge VL, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT. 2009. Dysregulated expression of Fau and MELK is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res, vol. 11(4), R60. link> doi>
  • Jones P, Gardner L, Menage J, Williams GT, Roberts S. 2009. Nucleus pulposus cells as competent phagocytes to clear apoptotic cells: mission applicable or impossible? Authors' response. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY, vol. 11(3), Article ARTN 406. link> doi>
  • Cols Vidal M, Hoole D, Williams GT. 2008. Characterisation of cDNAs of key genes involved in apoptosis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol, vol. 25(5), 494-507. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M and Williams GT. 2008. Protein phosphatase 4 regulates apoptosis, proliferation and mutation rate of human cells. Biochim Biophys Acta, vol. 1783(8), 1490-1502. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Hedge VL, Kirkham L, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2008. Growth arrest in human T-cells is controlled by the non-coding RNA growth-arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5). J Cell Sci, vol. 121(Pt 7), 939-946. link> doi>
  • Jones P, Gardner L, Menage J, Williams GT, Roberts S. 2008. Intervertebral disc cells as competent phagocytes in vitro: implications for cell death in disc degeneration. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY, vol. 10(4), Article ARTN R86. link> doi>
  • Bahar A, Whitby P, Holley S, Hoban PR, Elder JB, Deakin M, Hall C, Clayton RN, Williams GT, Farrell WE. 2007. Primary colorectal tumors fail to express the proapoptotic mediator PTAG and its reexpression augments drug-induced apoptosis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer, vol. 46(2), 202-212. link> doi>
  • Williams GT, Hughes JP, Stoneman V, Anderson CL, McCarthy NJ, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Pickard M, Hedge VL, Trayner I, Farzaneh F. 2006. Isolation of genes controlling apoptosis through their effects on cell survival. Gene Ther Mol Biol, vol. 10(B), 255-262. link>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Keen J, Clark J, Cooper CS, Williams GT. 2006. Candidate tumor suppressor LUCA-15/RBM5/H37 modulates expression of apoptosis and cell cycle genes. Exp Cell Res, vol. 312(10), 1745-1752. link> doi>
  • Williams GT, Hughes JP, Stoneman V, Anderson CL, McCarthy NJ, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Pickard M, Hedge VL, Trayner I, Farzaneh F. 2006. Isolation of genes controlling apoptosis through their effects on cell survival - Research article. GENE THERAPY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 10B, 255-261. link>
  • Maarabouni MM and Williams GT. 2006. The antiapoptotic RBM5/LUCA-15/H37 gene and its role in apoptosis and human cancer: research update. ScientificWorldJournal, vol. 6, 1705-1712. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Kirkham L, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2005. Functional expression cloning reveals a central role for the receptor for activated protein kinase C 1 (RACK1) in T cell apoptosis. J Leukoc Biol, vol. 78(2), 503-514. link> doi>
  • WILLIAMS GT, Farzaneh F, Kirkham L, Mourtada-Maarabouni M. 2004. Regulation of apoptosis by fau revealed by functional expression cloning and antisense expression. Oncogene, vol. 23(58), 9419-9426. doi>
  • Bahar A, Simpson DJ, Cutty SJ, Bicknell JE, Hoban PR, Holley S, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT, Clayton RN, Farrell WE. 2004. Isolation and characterization of a novel pituitary tumor apoptosis gene. Mol Endocrinol, vol. 18(7), 1827-1839. link> doi>
  • Williams GT and Farzaneh F. 2004. The use of gene function to identify the rate-limiting steps controlling cell fate. Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. doi>
  • Bahar A, Simpson DJ, Cutty SJ, Bicknell JE, Hoban PR, Holley S, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Williams GT, Clayton RN, Farrell WE. 2004. Isolation and characterisation of a novel pituitary tumour apoptosis gene (PTAG). Molecular Endocrinology.
  • Hoole D and Williams GT. 2004. The role of apoptosis in non-mammalian host-parasite relationships. Symp Soc Exp Biol, 13-44. link>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Kirkham L, Jenkins B, Rayner J, Gonda TJ, Starr R, Trayner I, Farzaneh F, Williams GT. 2003. Functional expression cloning reveals proapoptotic role for protein phosphatase 4. Cell Death Differ, vol. 10(9), 1016-1024. link> doi>
  • Anderson CL and Williams GT. 2003. Apoptosis gene hunting using retroviral expression cloning: identification of vacuolar ATPase subunit E. ScientificWorldJournal, vol. 3, 51-58. link> doi>
  • WILLIAMS GT, Meredith JM, Mourtada-Maarabouni, Sutherland LC. 2003. Simultaneous acceleration of the cell cycle and suppression of apoptosis by splice variant delta-6 of the candidate tumour suppressor LUCA-15/RBM5. Genes to Cells, vol. 8(2), 109-119. doi>
  • Al-Olayan EM, Williams GT, Hurd H. 2003. Apoptosis in the malaria protozoan, Plasmodium berghei: a possible mechanism for limiting intensity of infection in the mosquito (vol 32, pg 1133, 2002). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY, vol. 33(1), 105. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Sutherland LC, Williams GT. 2003. Candidate tumour suppressor LUCA-15 can regulate multiple apoptosis pathways. Apoptosis. doi>
  • Al-Olayan EM, Williams GT, Hurd H. 2002. Apoptosis in the malaria protozoan, Plasmodium berghei: a possible mechanism for limiting intensity of infection in the mosquito. Int J Parasitol, vol. 32(9), 1133-1143. link> doi>
  • Mourtada-Maarabouni M and Williams GT. 2002. RBM5/LUCA-15--tumour suppression by control of apoptosis and the cell cycle?. ScientificWorldJournal, vol. 2, 1885-1890. link> doi>
  • Hedge VL and Williams GT. 2003. Commitment to apoptosis induced by tumour necrosis factor-$alpha$ is dependent on caspase activity. Apoptosis. doi>
  • Tharia HA, Shrive AK, Mills JD, Arme C, Williams GT, Greenhough TJ. 2002. Complete cDNA sequence of SAP-like pentraxin from Limulus polyphemus: implications for pentraxin evolution. J Mol Biol, vol. 316(3), 583-597. link> doi>
  • Hopwood JA, Ahmed AM, Polwart A, Williams GT, Hurd H. 2001. Malaria-induced apoptosis in mosquito ovaries: a mechanism to control vector egg production. J Exp Biol, vol. 204(Pt 16), 2773-2780. link>
  • Sutherland LC, Lerman M, Williams GT, Miller BA. 2001. LUCA-15 suppresses CD95-mediated apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. ONCOGENE, vol. 20(21), 2713-2719. link> doi>
  • Hopwood JA, Ahmed AM, Polwart A, Williams GT, Hurd H. 2001. Malaria-induced apoptosis in mosquito ovaries:a mechanism to control vector egg production. Journal of Experimental Biology.
  • Sutherland LC, Edwards SE, Cable HC, Poirier GG, Miller BA, Cooper CS, Williams GT. 2000. LUCA-15-encoded sequence variants regulate CD95-mediated apoptosis. Oncogene, vol. 19(33), 3774-3781. link> doi>
  • Sutherland LC, Anderson CL, Williams GT. 2000. Zinc has no effect on IL-3-mediated apoptosis of BAF-3 cells but enhances CD95-mediated apoptosis of jurkat cells. J Immunol Methods, vol. 234(1-2), 43-50. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Watts K, McBain SC, Williams GT, Scarpello JH, Morgan NG. 2000. Dissociation between Fas expression and induction of apoptosis in human islets of Langerhans. Diabetes Obes Metab, vol. 2(1), 57-60. link> doi>
  • Hedge VL and Williams GT. 1999. Caspases and commitment to cell death. Biochem Soc Trans, vol. 27(6), 797-802. link>
  • Hagen HE, Kläger SL, Williams GT. 1998. Is apoptosis involved in mechanisms to eliminate Onchocerca ochengi during Simulium damnosum s.l. immune response?. Trop Med Int Health, vol. 3(12), 945-950. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Williams GT, Scarpello JHB, James RFL, Morgan NG. 1998. Fas engagement leads to apoptosis of human islet cells following exposure to interleukin-1 beta. DIABETOLOGIA, vol. 41, A57. link>
  • Simas JP, Sambade C, Smith CA, Williams GT, Guimaraes JE. 1998. Marked upregulation of the bcl-2 homologue, bfl-1, in retinoic acid treated HL60 cells. BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, vol. 102(1), 28. link>
  • Scott N, Hale A, Deakin M, Hand P, Adab FA, Hall C, Williams GT, Elder JB. 1998. A histopathological assessment of the response of rectal adenocarcinoma to combination chemo-radiotherapy: relationship to apoptotic activity, p53 and bcl-2 expression. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, vol. 24(3), 169-173. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Williams GT, James RF, Scarpello JH, Morgan NG. 1998. Human islets of Langerhans express Fas ligand and undergo apoptosis in response to interleukin-1beta and Fas ligation. Diabetes, vol. 47(5), 727-732. link> doi>
  • Cock JGRBD, de Vries E, Williams GT, Borst J. 1998. The anti-cancer drug etoposide can induce caspase-8 processing and apoptosis in the absence of CD95 receptor-ligand interaction. APOPTOSIS, vol. 3(1), 17-25. link>
  • Sutherland LC and Williams GT. 1997. Viral promoter expression in CEM-C7 and Jurkat human T-lymphoid cell lines. J Immunol Methods, vol. 207(2), 179-183. link> doi>
  • Longthorne VL and Williams GT. 1997. Caspase activity is required for commitment to Fas-mediated apoptosis. EMBO J, vol. 16(13), 3805-3812. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Williams GT, Scarpello JH, Morgan NG. 1997. Evidence for the involvement of cGMP and protein kinase G in nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in the pancreatic B-cell line, HIT-T15. FEBS Lett, vol. 400(3), 285-288. link> doi>
  • Welburn SC, Barcinski MA, Williams GT. 1997. Programmed cell death in Trypanosomatids. PARASITOLOGY TODAY, vol. 13(1), 22-26. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Williams GT, Scarpello JH, Morgan NG. 1996. Heterotrimeric G-proteins are implicated in the regulation of apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells. Exp Cell Res, vol. 229(1), 69-76. link> doi>
  • Loweth AC, Scarpello JH, Williams GT, Morgan NG. 1996. Evidence for the involvement of cGMP in nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in HIT-T15 cells. DIABETOLOGIA, vol. 39, 391. link>
  • Hale AJ, Smith CA, Sutherland LC, Stoneman VE, Longthorne VL, Culhane AC, Williams GT. 1996. Apoptosis: molecular regulation of cell death. Eur J Biochem, vol. 236(1), 1-26. link> doi>
  • McCarthy NJ, Hazlewood SA, Huen DS, Rickinson AB, Williams GT. 1996. The Epstein-Barr virus gene BHRF1, a homologue of the cellular oncogene Bcl-2, inhibits apoptosis induced by gamma radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. Adv Exp Med Biol, vol. 406, 83-97. link>
  • LOWETH A, SCARPELLO J, WILLIAMS G, MORGAN N. 1995. EFFECTS OF MODULATORS OF G-PROTEIN FUNCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN RINM5F CELLS AND RAT ISLETS. DIABETOLOGIA, vol. 38, A45. link>
  • HUDDART R, TITLEY J, ROBERTSON D, WILLIAMS G, HORWICH A, COOPER C. 1995. PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH IN RESPONSE TO CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC-AGENTS IN HUMAN GERM-CELL TUMOR LINES. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER, vol. 31A(5), 739-746. link> doi>
  • Williams GT. 1994. Programmed cell death: a fundamental protective response to pathogens. Trends Microbiol, vol. 2(12), 463-464. link>
  • Morgan NG, Cable HC, Newcombe NR, Williams GT. 1994. Treatment of cultured pancreatic B-cells with streptozotocin induces cell death by apoptosis. Biosci Rep, vol. 14(5), 243-250. link> doi>
  • MORGAN N, CABLE H, NEWCOMBE N, WILLIAMS G. 1994. INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN PANCREATIC B-CELLS FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH STREPTOZOTOCIN. DIABETOLOGIA, vol. 37, A82. link>
  • Williams GT. 1994. Apoptosis in the immune system. J Pathol, vol. 173(1), 1-4. link> doi>
  • Moore NC, Anderson G, Williams GT, Owen JJT, Jenkinson EJ. 1994. Developmental Regulation of Bcl-2 Expression in the Thymus. Immunology, vol. 81(1), 115-119. link>
  • Williams GT and Smith CA. 1993. Molecular regulation of apoptosis: genetic controls on cell death. Cell, vol. 74(5), 777-779. link> doi>
  • Williams GT and Mccarthy NJ. 1993. Apoptosis (Active Cell-Death) of Hematopoietic Precursors and Its Significance in Leukemogenesis. Leukemia, vol. 7(5), 774. link>
  • Rahelu M, Williams GT, Kumararatne DS, Eaton GC, Gaston JSH. 1993. Human Cd4+ Cytolytic T-Cells Kill Antigen-Pulsed Target T-Cells by Induction of Apoptosis. Journal of Immunology, vol. 150(11), 4856-4866. link>
  • Williams GT, Smith CA, McCarthy NJ, Grimes EA. 1992. Apoptosis: final control point in cell biology. Trends Cell Biol, vol. 2(9), 263-267. link>
  • Williams GT. 1992. Apoptosis - the Molecular-Basis of Cell-Death - Tomei,Ld. Nature, vol. 356(6364), 28. link>
  • Mccarthy NJ, Smith CA, Williams GT. 1992. Apoptosis in the Development of the Immune-System - Growth-Factors, Clonal Selection and Bcl-2. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, vol. 11(2), 157-178. link>
  • Gregory CD, Dive C, Henderson S, Smith CA, Williams GT, Gordon J, Rickinson AB. 1991. Activation of Epstein-Barr-Virus Latent Genes Protects Human B-Cells from Death by Apoptosis. Nature, vol. 349(6310), 612-614. link> doi>
  • Taylor DR and Williams GT. 1991. Differentiation and Limited Proliferation of Isolated Leishmania-Mexicana Amastigotes at 27-Degrees-C. Acta Tropica, vol. 50(2), 141-150. link>
  • Williams GT. 1991. Programmed Cell-Death - Apoptosis and Oncogenesis. Cell, vol. 65(7), 1097-1098. link>
  • Owen JJT, Jenkinson EJ, Kingston R, Williams GT, Smith CA. 1990. Cell-Growth and Gene Rearrangement Signals During the Development of Lymphocyte-T Within the Thymus. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences, vol. 327(1239), 111-116. link>
  • Williams GT, Smith CA, Spooncer E, Dexter TM, Taylor DR. 1990. Hematopoietic Colony Stimulating Factors Promote Cell-Survival by Suppressing Apoptosis. Nature, vol. 343(6253), 76-79. link>
  • Smith CA, Williams GT, Kingston R, Jenkinson EJ, Owen JJT. 1989. Antibodies to Cd3/T-Cell Receptor Complex Induce Death by Apoptosis in Immature T-Cells in Thymic Cultures. Nature, vol. 337(6203), 181-184. link>
  • Jenkinson EJ, Kingston R, Smith CA, Williams GT, Owen JJT. 1989. Antigen-Induced Apoptosis in Developing T-Cells - A Mechanism for Negative Selection of the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire. European Journal of Immunology, vol. 19(11), 2175-2177. link>
  • Smith CA, Williams GT, Kingston R, Jenkinson EJ, Owen JJT. 1989. Apoptosis. Nature, vol. 338(6210), 10. link>
  • Johnstone AP and Williams GT. 1989. Dna Breaks in Quiescent Lymphocytes. Experimental Cell Research, vol. 184(2), 558-559. link>
  • Liu YJ, Joshua DE, Williams GT, Smith CA, Gordon J, Maclennan ICM. 1989. Mechanism of Antigen-Driven Selection in Germinal-Centers. Nature, vol. 342(6252), 929-931. link>
  • Taylor DR and Williams GT. 1988. Leishmania-Mexicana-Amazonensis - Adp-Ribosyltransferase Antagonists Specifically Inhibit Amastigote to Promastigote Differentiation. Experimental Parasitology, vol. 66(2), 189-196. link>
  • Owen JJT, Owen MJ, Williams GT, Kingston R, Jenkinson EJ. 1988. The Effects of Anti-Cd3 Antibodies on the Development of T-Cell Receptor Alpha-Beta+ Lymphocytes in Embryonic Thymus Organ-Cultures. Immunology, vol. 63(4), 639-642. link>
  • Williams GT. 1987. High-Efficiency Preparation of Dna from Limiting Quantities of Eukaryotic Cells for Hybridization Analysis. Gene, vol. 53(1), 121-126. link>
  • Jenkinson EJ, Owen JJT, Kingston R, Williams GT, Owen MJ. 1987. T-Cell Receptor Gene Rearrangement and Expression During Thymus Development Invivo and Invitro. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 202. link>
  • Williams GT, Kingston R, Owen MJ, Jenkinson EJ, Owen JJT. 1986. A Single Micromanipulated Stem-Cell Gives Rise to Multiple T-Cell Receptor Gene Rearrangements in the Thymus Invitro. Nature, vol. 324(6092), 63-64. link>
  • Owen MJ, Jenkinson EJ, Williams GT, Kingston R, Owen JJT. 1986. An Investigation of T-Cell Receptor Gene Rearrangement and Expression in Organ-Cultures of Normal Embryonic Thymus and Thy-1+ Cells of Nude-Mice. European Journal of Immunology, vol. 16(7), 875-878. link>
  • Williams GT, Fielder L, Smith H, Hudson L. 1985. Adsorption of Trypanosoma-Cruzi Proteins to Mammalian-Cells Invitro. Acta Tropica, vol. 42(1), 33-38. link>
  • Williams GT. 1985. Control of Differentiation in Trypanosoma-Cruzi. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol. 117, 1-22. link>
  • Bhayani HR, Williams GT, Johnstone AP. 1985. Interferon-Production by Mitogen-Stimulated Human-Lymphocytes Requires Differentiation But Not Dna-Synthesis. Human Immunology, vol. 13(3), 151-160. link>
  • Williams GT, Lau KMK, Coote JM, Johnstone AP. 1985. Nad Metabolism and Mitogen Stimulation of Human-Lymphocytes. Experimental Cell Research, vol. 160(2), 419-426. link>
  • Williams GT. 1984. Specific-Inhibition of the Differentiation of Trypanosoma-Cruzi. Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 99(1), 79-82. link>
  • Williams GT and Johnstone AP. 1983. Adp-Ribosyl Transferase, Rearrangement of Dna, and Cell-Differentiation - Review. Bioscience Reports, vol. 3(9), 815-830. link>
  • Williams GT, Shall S, Ford CC. 1983. Direct Radioactive Labeling of Poly(Adp-Ribose) in Developing Xenopus-Laevis Embryos. Bioscience Reports, vol. 3(5), 461-467. link>
  • Williams GT. 1983. Inhibition of Trypanosoma-Cruzi Differentiation by Adp-Ribosyl Transferase Inhibitors. Journal of Protozoology, vol. 30(3), A43. link>
  • Williams GT. 1983. Inhibitors of Adp-Ribosyl Transferase Specifically Block the Differentiation of Trypanosoma-Cruzi. Parasitology, vol. 87(OCT), R41. link>
  • Williams GT, Shall S, Ford CC. 1983. Nad Turnover During Early Development of Xenopus-Laevis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 762(2), 272-280. link>
  • Williams GT. 1983. Trypanosoma-Cruzi - Inhibition of Intracellular and Extracellular Differentiation by Adp-Ribosyl Transferase Antagonists. Experimental Parasitology, vol. 56(3), 409-415. link>
  • Williams GT, Johnstone AP, Dean PDG. 1982. Fractionation of Membrane-Proteins on Phenylboronic Acid Agarose. Biochemical Journal, vol. 205(1), 167-171. link>
  • Williams GT and Hudson L. 1982. Growth of Trypanosoma-Cruzi Invitro - Development and Application of A Continuous-Flow Culture System. Parasitology, vol. 84(JUN), 511-&. link>
  • Williams GT, Ford CC, Shall S. 1982. Nad-Glycohydrolase Activity in Xenopus-Laevis Oocytes and Early Embryos. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 108(1), 36-41. link>
  • Johnstone AP and Williams GT. 1982. Role of Dna Breaks and Adp-Ribosyl Transferase-Activity in Eukaryotic Differentiation Demonstrated in Human-Lymphocytes. Nature, vol. 300(5890), 368-370. link>

Other

  • Williams GT, Mourtada-Maarabouni M, Pickard MR, Hedge VL, Sutherland A. 2008. Investigation of the roles of novel apoptosis-controlling genes in breast cancer. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH (vol. 10, pp. S15-S16). link> doi>
  • Maharaj S, Elder JB, Deakin M, Williams GT. 2005. Development of a model to investigate the role of Toll-like receptors in H pylori induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. GUT (vol. 54, p. A89). link>
  • Chakravarthy C, Cols Vidal M, Williams GT, Hoole D. 2003. Molecular studies on apoptosis in the immune system of common carp \fICyprinus carpio\fP. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference of the European Association of Fish Pathologists.
  • Chakravarthy C, Williams GT, Hoole D. 2001. Effect of cortisol on the rate of apoptosis and gene expression in the immune system of the common carp, \fI(Cyprinius carpio)\fP. Proceedings of the International Conference of the European Association of Fish Parasitologists.
  • Williams GT, Critchlow MR, Hedge VL, O'Hare KB. 1998. Molecular failure of apoptosis: inappropriate cell survival and mutagenesis?. Toxicol Lett (vols. 102-103, pp. 485-489). link>
  • Loweth AC, Williams GT, Hurst RD, Scarpello JHB, Morgan NG. 1998. The mechanism of nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in the pancreatic beta-cell may involve cGMP and protein kinase G. NITRIC OXIDE AND THE CELL (pp. 115-124). link>
  • Williams GT. 1994. Role of apoptosis in the immune system. Biochem Cell Biol (vol. 72, pp. 447-450). link>

Year 1

  • LSC-10038: Information and Inheritance

Year 2

  • LSC-20003: Module Manager and Lecturer, Gene and Protein Engineering module

  • LSC-20015: Molecular, Cellular and Structural Immunology

Year 3

  • LSC-30008: Research Project (Experimental)

  • LSC-30014: Research Project (Non-Experimental)

  • LSC-30015: Biology of Disease