Prof Anand Pandyan

Title: Professor of Rehabilitation Technology for Health
Phone: 01782 734252
Email:
Location: MAC 0.15
Role:
Contacting me: email for gen stuff; knock on my door for urgent; speak to me for appointments
Pandyan Anand

I am a bioengineer, with a special interest in neurological rehabilitation and applied clinical research. I completed my doctoral training at the Bioengineering Unit (University of Strathclyde, Glasgow). I have also gained five years of relevant postdoctoral experience Centre for Rehabilitation and Engineering Studies-CREST (with Profs G Johnson and M Barnes) where I established the neurological research exploring the phenomenon of spasticity. I have also been supervising at the MPhil/MD and PhD level since 1998.

I came to Keele in March 20002 and was promoted to Senior Lecturer in 2007. On becoming Professor I gave an inaugural lecture on Tuesday 25 October 2011, available online at: "Defining spasticity - the (slow) walk from being a lumper to a splitter".

Improvement in acute medical care, paradoxically, has increased the prevalence of disability in the community, specifically in people neurological and neuromuscular disorders. Changes in population demographics, i.e. increase in life expectancy, exacerbate this problem. The cost of managing disability resulting from these disorders places a substantial financial burden on the state (and individuals) and is set to rise. Furthermore, there is evidence that, in spite of the current levels of investment, patients are currently dissatisfied with their level of care and support.  Therefore, a significant focus of my research is to develop optimal rehabilitation programmes (for people with a range of disabilities and activity limitations) and exercise programmes to maintain health. Any process of optimisations also requires an understanding of the normal human performance and pathophysiological process that lead to disabilities, therefore, a substantial proportion of my research effort in targeted at measuring impairments and then modelling the relationship between impairments and functional capability.

Selected Publications

  • Pandyan AD, Radford K, Ashford S, Bateman A, Burton C, Connell L, Gibson A, Harris N, Hoffman K, Nair R, Shaw L, Turton A, Tyson SF, van Wijck F. 2013. NICE ON REHABILITATION New guidelines on rehabilitation likely to restrict practices and stifle innovation. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, vol. 347, Article ARTN f4876. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD and Kate Radford (associate professor in rehabilitation research (long term conditions) and president Society for Research in Rehabilitation (SRR), University of Nottingham, UK); Stephen Ashford (consultant physiotherapist, National Institute for Health Resea. 2013. New guidelines on rehabilitation likely to restrict practices and stifle innovation. BMJ, vol. 347, f4876. link>
  • Farmer SE, Durairaj V, Sekeran P, Swain ID, Pandyan AD. 2012. Assistive technologies for the arm after stroke; does lack of evidence mean lack of potential benefit?. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE (vol. 7, p. 78). link>
  • Herrero P, Gomez-Trullen EM, Asensio A, Garcia E, Casas R, Monserrat E, Pandyan A. 2012. Study of the therapeutic effects of a hippotherapy simulator in children with cerebral palsy: a stratified single-blind randomized controlled trial. CLINICAL REHABILITATION, vol. 26(12), 1105-1113. link> doi>
  • Malhotra S, Rosewilliam S, Hermens H, Roffe C, Jones P, Pandyan AD. 2013. A randomized controlled trial of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied early after acute stroke: effects on wrist pain, spasticity and contractures. Clin Rehabil, vol. 27(7), 579-590. link> doi>

Full Publications List show

Journal Articles

  • Pandyan AD, Radford K, Ashford S, Bateman A, Burton C, Connell L, Gibson A, Harris N, Hoffman K, Nair R, Shaw L, Turton A, Tyson SF, van Wijck F. 2013. NICE ON REHABILITATION New guidelines on rehabilitation likely to restrict practices and stifle innovation. BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, vol. 347, Article ARTN f4876. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD and Kate Radford (associate professor in rehabilitation research (long term conditions) and president Society for Research in Rehabilitation (SRR), University of Nottingham, UK); Stephen Ashford (consultant physiotherapist, National Institute for Health Resea. 2013. New guidelines on rehabilitation likely to restrict practices and stifle innovation. BMJ, vol. 347, f4876. link>
  • Herrero P, Gomez-Trullen EM, Asensio A, Garcia E, Casas R, Monserrat E, Pandyan A. 2012. Study of the therapeutic effects of a hippotherapy simulator in children with cerebral palsy: a stratified single-blind randomized controlled trial. CLINICAL REHABILITATION, vol. 26(12), 1105-1113. link> doi>
  • Malhotra S, Rosewilliam S, Hermens H, Roffe C, Jones P, Pandyan AD. 2013. A randomized controlled trial of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation applied early after acute stroke: effects on wrist pain, spasticity and contractures. Clin Rehabil, vol. 27(7), 579-590. link> doi>
  • Barnett RJ, Hanson P, Pandyan AD. 2012. The physiological impact of upper limb position in prone restraint. Medicine Science and the Law, 1-5. doi>
  • Farmer SE, Wood D, Swain ID, Pandyan AD. 2012. Assessment of the risk of bias in rehabilitation reviews. Int J Rehabil Res, vol. 35(4), 317-322. link> doi>
  • Rosewilliam S, Malhotra S, Roffe C, Jones P, Pandyan AD. 2012. Can surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the wrist and hand combined with routine therapy facilitate recovery of arm function in patients with stroke?. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, vol. 93(10), 1715-21.e1. link> doi>
  • Barnett RJ, Stirling C, Pandyan AD. 2012. A review of the scientific literature related to the adverse impact of physical restraint: gaining a clearer understanding of the physiological factors involved in cases of restraint-related death. Medicine Science and the Law, 137-142. doi>
  • Adams J, Ryall C, Pandyan A, Metcalf C, Stokes M, Bradley S, Warwick DJ. 2012. Proximal interphalangeal joint replacement in patients with arthritis of the hand: a meta-analysis. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery: British Volume, vol. 94(10), 1305-1312. doi>
  • Rosewilliam S, Roskell CA, Pandyan AD. 2011. A systematic review and synthesis of the quantitative and qualitative evidence behind patient-centred goal setting in stroke rehabilitation. Clin Rehabil, vol. 25(6), 501-514. link> doi>
  • Malhotra S, Pandyan AD, Rosewilliam S, Roffe C, Hermens H. 2011. Spasticity and contractures at the wrist after stroke: time course of development and their association with functional recovery of the upper limb. Clin Rehabil, vol. 25(2), 184-191. link> doi>
  • Cousins E, Ward A, Roffe C, Rimington L, Pandyan A. 2010. Does low-dose botulinum toxin help the recovery of arm function when given early after stroke? A phase II randomized controlled pilot study to estimate effect size. Clin Rehabil, vol. 24(6), 501-513. link> doi>
  • Cousins E, Ward AB, Roffe C, Rimington LD, Pandyan AD. 2009. Quantitative measurement of poststroke spasticity and response to treatment with botulinum toxin: a 2-patient case report. Phys Ther, vol. 89(7), 688-697. link> doi>
  • Malhotra S, Pandyan AD, Day CR, Jones PW, Hermens H. 2009. Spasticity, an impairment that is poorly defined and poorly measured. Clin Rehabil, vol. 23(7), 651-658. link> doi>
  • Syczewska M, Lebiedowska MK, Pandyan AD. 2009. Quantifying repeatability of the Wartenberg pendulum test parameters in children with spasticity. J Neurosci Methods, vol. 178(2), 340-344. link> doi>
  • Malhotra S, Cousins E, Ward A, Day C, Jones P, Roffe C, Pandyan A. 2008. An investigation into the agreement between clinical, biomechanical and neurophysiological measures of spasticity. Clin Rehabil, vol. 22(12), 1105-1115. link> doi>
  • Church C, Price C, Pandyan AD, Huntley S, Curless R, Rodgers H. 2007. Surface electrical stimulation for the affected shoulder after stroke: Reconsidering the findings of church and colleagues - Response to letter by Page and Chae. STROKE, vol. 38(8), E72-E73. link> doi>
  • Church C, Price C, Pandyan AD, Huntley S, Curless R, Rodgers H. 2006. Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation to the shoulder after acute stroke. Stroke, vol. 37(12), 2995-3001. link> doi>
  • Haugh AB, Pandyan AD, Johnson GR. 2006. A systematic review of the Tardieu Scale for the measurement of spasticity. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 28(15), 899-907. link> doi>
  • Kumar RT, Pandyan AD, Sharma AK. 2006. Biomechanical measurement of post-stroke spasticity. Age Ageing, vol. 35(4), 371-375. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Van Wijck FM, Stark S, Vuadens P, Johnson GR, Barnes MP. 2006. The construct validity of a spasticity measurement device for clinical practice: an alternative to the Ashworth scales. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 28(9), 579-585. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Cousins E, van Wijck F, Barnes MP, Johnson GR. 2005. Spasticity research: some common catches. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, vol. 86(4), 845. link> doi>
  • Johnson GR and Pandyan AD. 2005. The activity in the three regions of the trapezius under controlled loading conditions--an experimental and modelling study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), vol. 20(2), 155-161. link> doi>
  • Wood DE, Burridge JH, van Wijck FM, McFadden C, Hitchcock RA, Pandyan AD, Haugh A, Salazar-Torres JJ, Swain ID. 2005. Biomechanical approaches applied to the lower and upper limb for the measurement of spasticity: a systematic review of the literature. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 27(1-2), 19-32. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Gregoric M, Barnes MP, Wood D, Van Wijck F, Burridge J, Hermens H, Johnson GR. 2005. Spasticity: clinical perceptions, neurological realities and meaningful measurement. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 27(1-2), 2-6. link> doi>
  • Burridge JH, Wood DE, Hermens HJ, Voerman GE, Johnson GR, van Wijck F, Platz T, Gregoric M, Hitchcock R, Pandyan AD. 2005. Theoretical and methodological considerations in the measurement of spasticity. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 27(1-2), 69-80. link> doi>
  • Burridge JH, Wood DE, Hermens HJ, Voerman G, Johnson GR, van Wijck F, Platz T, Gregoric M, Hitchcock R, Pandyan AD. 2005. Theoretical and methodological considerations in the measurement of Spasticity. Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 1/2, 69-80.
  • PANDYAN AD and Granat MH. 2004. Can treatment with electrical stimulation, to the wrist, be justified in the severely disabled acute stroke patient?. Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 2, 156-161.
  • Salazar-Torres JDEJ, Pandyan AD, Price CI, Davidson RI, Barnes MP, Johnson GR. 2004. Does spasticity result from hyperactive stretch reflexes? Preliminary findings from a stretch reflex characterization study. Disabil Rehabil, vol. 26(12), 756-760. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Price CIM, Barnes MP, Johnson GR. 2003. A biomechanical investigation into the validity of the modified Ashworth scale as a measure of elbow spasticity. Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 17(3), 290-294. doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Cameron M, Powell J, Scott DJ, Granat MH. 2003. Contractues in the post stroke wrist: A pilot study of its time course of development and its association with upper limb recovery. Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 17(1), 88-95. doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Vuadens P, Van Wijck FMJ, Stark S, Johnson GR, Michael P Barnes MP. 2002. Are we Underestimating the Clinical Efficacy of Botulinum toxin (Type A)? Quantifying Changes in Spasticity, Strength, and Upper Limb Function after injection of Botox to the elbow flexors in a unilateral stroke population. Clinical Rehabilitation. doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Price CI, Rodgers H, Barnes MP, Johnson GR. 2001. Biomechanical examination of a commonly used measure of spasticity. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), vol. 16(10), 859-865. link> doi>
  • van Wijck FM, Pandyan AD, Johnson GR, Barnes MP. 2001. Assessing motor deficits in neurological rehabilitation: patterns of instrument usage. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, vol. 15(1), 23-30. link> doi>
  • Price CI and Pandyan AD. 2001. Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain: a systematic Cochrane review. Clin Rehabil, vol. 15(1), 5-19. link> doi>
  • Price CI and Pandyan AD. 2000. Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD001698. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Johnson GR, Price CI, Curless RH, Barnes MP, Rodgers H. 1999. A review of the properties and limitations of the Ashworth and modified Ashworth Scales as measures of spasticity. Clin Rehabil, vol. 13(5), 373-383. link> doi>
  • Powell J, Pandyan AD, Granat M, Cameron M, Stott DJ. 1999. Electrical stimulation of wrist extensors in poststroke hemiplegia. Stroke, vol. 30(7), 1384-1389. link>
  • Pandyan AD and Johnson GR. 1998. The relationship between elbow flexor volume and angular stiffness at the elbow. CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS, vol. 13(3), 237. link> doi>
  • Pandyan AD, Granat MH, Stott DJ. 1997. Effects of electrical stimulation on flexion contractures in the hemiplegic wrist. Clin Rehabil, vol. 11(2), 123-130. link> doi>

Chapters

  • Pandyan AD and Johnson GR. 2008. Measures of Spasticity. In Upper motor neurone syndrome and spasticity. Barnes MP and Johnson GR (Eds.). (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Pandyan AD, van Wijck F, Johnson GR. 2002. Instrumentation for experiments. In Research Methods for Post Graduates. Greenfield T (Ed.). (2nd ed.). London: Arnold.

Other

  • Farmer SE, Durairaj V, Sekeran P, Swain ID, Pandyan AD. 2012. Assistive technologies for the arm after stroke; does lack of evidence mean lack of potential benefit?. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE (vol. 7, p. 78). link>
  • Church C, Price C, Pandyan A, Huntley S, Curless R, Rodgers H. 2004. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation to the shoulder following acute stroke. 9th Annual Conference of the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society (IFESS).
  • Kumar R, Sharma A, Pandyan A. 2004. An Objective measurement of post stroke spasticity. Cerebrovascular Disease 17(ss).
  • Pandyan AD and Granat MH. 2004. Can neuro-muscular electrical stimulation of the wrist extensors facilitate the recovery of arm function in the severly disable acute stroke patient?. Spring Meeting of the British Geriatric Society,.
  • Pandyan AD and Granant MH. 2004. can treatment with upper limb electrical (foreamr extensors) stimulation can be justified in the severely disabled acute stroke patient?. 9th Annual Conference of the International Functional Electrical Stimulation Society (IFESS).
  • Church C, Curless R, Huntley S, Price C, Pandyan AD, Rodgers H. 2004. Does surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (SNMES) to the upper limb following acute stroke improve outcome. Age & Ageing (vol. 32, p. 44).
  • Kumar RTS, Sharma A, Pandyan AD. 2003. A biomechanical review of modified ashworth scale for measuring spasticity. British Stroke Research Group.
  • Salazar-Torres J, Pandyan A, Price C, Davidson R, Barnes M, Johnson GR. 2003. Biomechanical Characterization of the stretch Reflex Activity as an approach to Spasticity Measurement and Modeling - A pilot Study. 25th International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.
  • Kumar RTS, Sharma AK, Pandyan AD. 2003. Does resistance to passive movement, measured using a single velocity, represent spasticity in post stroke hemiplegia?. Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (vol. Supplement (May), p. 121).
  • kumar RTS, Sharma AK, Pandyan AD. 2003. Does resistance to passive movement, measured using a single velocity, represent spasticity in post stroke hemiplegia?. Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.
  • Salazar-Torres J, Pandyan A, Price C, Davidson R, Barnes M, Johnson GR. 2003. Does spasticity Result from Hyperactive Strech reflexes? Preliminary findings from a reflex characterisation study. Journal of the international Society of Physical Rehabilitation Medicine.
  • Church C, Curless R, Huntley S, Price C, Pandyan A, Rodgers H. 2003. Does surface neuromuscular electrical Stimulation (sNMES) to the upper limb following acute stroke improve?. British Association of Stroke Physicians.
  • Salazar-Torres J, Pandyan AD, Price C, Barnes M, JOhnson GR. 2003. Effects of Initial Muscle Length in stretch Reflex Excitability in People with Post-stroke Spasticty and Healthy Volenteers. 27th Annual meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics.
  • Kumar RTS, Sharma AK, Pandyan AD. 2003. Is Clinical measurement of Spasticity following stroke using a modified Ashworth scale Valid?. British Association of Stroke Physicians.
  • Kumar RTS, Sharma AK, Pandyan AD. 2003. Is Clinical measurement of spasticity following stroke using the Modified Ashworth Scale Valid?. Journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation medicine.
  • Kumar RTS, Sharma AK, Pandyan AD. 2003. validity of the Modified Ashworth Scale in the measurement of Spasticity. Autum Meeting of the British Geriatric Society.
  • Salazar-Torres J, Pandyan A, Price C, Barnes M, Johnson GR. 2003. Variations in the stretch reflex excitability due to Applied Torque Perturbations in post-stroke and Non-Impaired Volenteers. World Congress of medical Physics & Biomechanical Engineering (Triennial Congress of the IUPESM/IFMBE/IOMP).
  • Raj TS Kumar, Anil K Sharma, Pandyan AD. 2002. A Biomechanical examination of the modified Ashworth scale. In proceeding of the British Association of stroke physicians.
  • Pandyan AD, Cameron M, Powell J, Scott DJ, Granat MH. 2002. A pilot study investigating the effects of electrical stimulation on the wrist extensors on upper limb impairment and function in an accute stroke population. 13th European Congress of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. Brighton UK.
  • S S, CE T, HM A, FMJ W, S A, MP B, AD P. 2002. A reterospective study of upper limb problems and their associated interventions following neurological events. In Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress in Neurological Rehabilitation Venice Italy.
  • Pandyan AD, Vuadens P, van Wijck FMJ, Stark S, Johnson GR, Barnes MP. 2002. A Simple Biomechanically based technique to maesure spasticity in routine clinical practice - Results from preliminary clinical trial. In Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress in Neurological Rehabilitation Venice.
  • Barnaby B, van Wijck FMJ, Pandyan AD. 2002. Ashworth Score Zero: Normative data estimates for resistance to passive elbow extension obtained from a female impaired adult sample. 13th European Congress of Physical and rehabilitation Medicine, Brighton UK.
  • Salazar-Torres J de J, Pandyan AD, Price CIM, Davidson RI, Barnes MP, Johnson GR. 2002. Biomechanical Characterisation of reflex activity at the elbow - A first step to quantifying spasticity. In proceedings of the 3rd world progress in Neurlogical Rehabilitation Venice Italy.
  • J de J Salazar-Torres, AD P, CIM P, RI D, MP B, GR J. 2002. Biomechanical Characterisation of reflex activity at the elbow - Afirst step to quantifying spasticity. In proceedings of the 3rd World Congress in Neurological Rehabilitation, Venice, Italy.
  • Raj TS Kumar, Anil K Sharma, Pandyan AD. 2002. can changes in resistance to passive movement be reliably graded by the modified Ashworth Scale?. In proceedings of the 3rd World Congress in Neurological Rehabilitation, Venice.
  • Pandyan AD, Cameron M, Powell J, Stott DJ, Granat MH. 2002. Contractures in the post stroke Wrist : A Pilot Study of its time course of development and its association with upper limb recovery. In proceedings of the 3rd World Congress in Neurlogical Rehabilitaion, Venice, Italy.
  • Christopher P, David P, Garth J, Helen R. 2002. How Valid is the clinical assessment of spasticity after stroke?. In proceedings of the British Association of Stroke Physicians.

Currently I teach on a variety of courses (UG & PG) at the School of Health and Rehabilitation. I enjoy the interactions that I have with students at both the Graduate and Undergraduate level. The areas of teaching that overlap with my research activities are research methods, measurement in neurological rehabilitation (specifically non-invasive measurement of impairment and activity, and developing methods aimed at elucidating pathophysiology of common impairments), modelling the relationship between impairment, activity and quality of life, motor control, and therapeutic applications of electrical stimulation.