Applied Environmental Science
School of Physical and Geographical Sciences
Faculty of Natural Sciences


Last Updated 7 September 2009

Principal Course Timetable Blocks 2


The School of Physical and Geographical Sciences (Earth Sciences, Geography, Chemistry and Physics) and School of Life Sciences, provide the core modules for this course. A range of optional modules on environmental topics can be chosen from a number of disciplines (both sciences and social sciences) depending upon the other Principal Subject taken and timetabling allowing.

More detailed module descriptions will be found under the separate departmental entries.


Notes on Level I:

1. Students who are studying Principal Geology alongside Applied Environmental Science (AES) do not take ESC-10001 in AES, and instead take an optional module.


2. Students who are studying Principal Chemistry or Principal Forensic Science alongside AES do not take CHE-10027 Introductory Chemistry for the Environmental Sciences in AES, and instead take ESC-10008 People and the Environment or an alternative agreed option module.


Notes on Level 2:

1. In Semester One, students are required to take LSC-20014 Integrated Field Studies and ESC-20017 Human Impacts on the Environment: Scientific Perspectives.


2. In Semester Two, students are required to take ESC-2XXXX Environmental Analytical Methods.


3. Students must choose one of the available option modules. This option module may be taken in either Semester 1 or Semester 2, as only 40% of the taught component of LSC-20014 is carried out in Semester 1 (the remainder is a fieldcourse run in the summer following the second year.


Notes on Level 3:


1. Students are required to take ESC-30019 Independent Research Project, which is carried out over Semesters 1 and 2.


2. Students must choose three modules from the available option modules. It is up to the student to decide on the number of option modules to be taken in the first and second semester.


3. Option modules arre split into subject categori

Applied Environmental Science Dual Honours - Level 1 Modules

Semester 1 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-10039 Fundamentals of Physical Geography EA M 7.5 15
This module offers a self-contained introduction to physical geography for students from a variety of backgrounds (including students with no previous experience in the subject), and a foundation in the subject for those students who wish to pursue it to a higher level. The main learning outcomes for the successful student will be: knowledge and understanding of core material in Physical Geography; appreciation of the dynamic and research-based nature of the discipline; ability to use geographical evidence to explain features of the physical environment.
ESC-10045 Introductory Geology for the Environmental Sciences C M 7.5 15
Geology forms one of the core underpinning disciplines of Environmental Science, and a knowledge of geology is essential to many practising environmental scientists. This module focuses on the basic underlying geological principles and concepts that are relevant to the Environmental Sciences. Specific topics covered include: - the internal structure of the Earth and its development since the formation of the Solar System - the theory of plate tectonics, its manifestation on the Earth's current surface, and the consequences of its operation in the geological past; - minerals and the three major subdivisions of rocks, including their identification and how their properties (e.g. porosity and permeability) can relate to a variety of environmental science issues; - how rocks and geological events may be dated, both relatively and in terms of the absolute time scale In addition, practical-based exercises will provide experience of a variety of geoscience data and phenomena, including the identification of minerals and rocks, and interpretation of geological maps. The module also includes a one-day field course to provide an introduction to field skills, including geological mapping.
Semester 1-2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-10042 Environmental Science Skills C C 7.5 15
This module helps students develop key skills for the successful study and practice of Environmental Science. These skills include important field and laboratory skills taught as part of a residential fieldcourse in addition to skills developed during regular workshops highlighting the variety and range of Environmental Science work and research.
Semester 2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
CHE-10044 Introductory Environmental Chemistry C M 7.5 15
This module helps students develop knowledge and understanding of key chemical principles fundamental to the field of environmental chemistry, environmental science and to the practising environmental scientist. In addition to this core knowledge and understanding students gain practical skills of working with samples and analytical techniques in the laboratory and experience in applying this knowledge and these techniques to environmental applications. These core principles are taught around a series of high profile environmental case studies.
ESC-10041 People and the Environment EA M 7.5 15
This module enables students to develop an understanding and appreciation of a range of environmental issues and different approaches to tackling these issues (from the natural and social science persepctives) , in particular addressing questions of how we use the environment as a resource, the impacts we have on the environment, environmental hazards, and how we can try and manage our impact on the environment.
ESC-10043 Greening Business: Employability and Sustainability EP C 7.5 15
This module introduces students to the environmental responsibilities of businesses and investigates with students ways of improving companies’ environmental performances. This module is designed to provide students with a framework within which to consider employers’ environmental responsibilities, and to provide the practical skills and knowledge to direct enhanced environmental performance in the workplace.
LSC-10033 Ecology and Environment C M 7.5 15
The module covers key aspects of ecology, environmental issues and conservation. The module will open with an ecology section concentrating on functioning of ecosystems and population dynamics to give students an understanding of the interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms. Environmental issues such as biodiversity, sustainability, and habitat degradation will be discussed to demonstrate human-influenced threats to individual species and whole ecosystems. The role of conservation in protecting natural environments will be introduced with special reference to climate change. Case studies will bring all the threads of the module together. Practicals will include the study of nearby habitats.

Applied Environmental Science Dual Honours - Level 2 Modules

Semester 1 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
+ ESC-20004 Advanced Systematic Geography O M 7.5 15
This module is subdivided into 5 blocks. Two blocks `nature and society: environmental geographies' and `historical geography' are human geography options, and three blocks `meteorology', `hydrology' and `geomorphology' are physical geography options. Students take two units. Physical Geography principal students take 2 physical geography units, Human Geography principal students take 2 human geography units and Geography principal students have a free choice of units, barring timetable clashes.
ESC-20013 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad I O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20014 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad II O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20017 Human Impact on the Environment, scientific perspectives C M 7.5 15
This module provides knowledge and understanding, from a scientific perspective, of the impact of human activities, on the Earth’s environment particularly with regard to water, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. As human beings we are part of the Earth's natural environment which is affected by our doing in many ways. Within the last century many environmental problems caused by human impacts became emergent, many of them reaching back far into history. These problems involve a drastic change in global climate, landuse changes that cause desertification, erosion and soil degradation. The pollution of water, groundwater and air are in many places a significant threat to the human health but also to the ecological functioning and biodiversity of the natural environment.
ESC-20029 Practical Physical Geography O C 7.5 15
This module aims to provide a variety of essential physical geography field and laboratory practical skills. This module builds upon concepts and techniques introduced in the level 1 practical programme and provides a portfolio of skills applicable to level 3 independent research projects. Training and first hand experience in, relevant techniques is provided in practical classes, supported by a series of tutorials that will highlight the research applications of these techniques through in-class discussion and directed reading.
+ LSC-20007 Information Technology for Life Scientists O M 7.5 15
An introduction to Information Technology (IT), statistics and the design and analysis of experiments. 2 hours lectures & 3 hours laboratory.
PIR-20034 Environmental Politics: an introduction O C 7.5 15
This module will provide an introduction to some of the key theoretical and practical dimension of environmental politics. It will explore the diverse historical, economic, political, and ideational roots of contemporary environmental problems and controversies; relationships between local and global environmental issues; challenges posed by environmental issues to political institutions; and strategies and tactics used for environmental change. Particular emphasis will be placed on the complexity of contemporary environmental issues and controversies, and on developing the skills necessary to critically analyse and thus respond to them effectively. Case studies may include controversies over population growth, nuclear energy and waste management, genetically modified crops, pesticide use, and hydroelectric dam projects in developing countries.
Semester 2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-20002 Reconstructing Past Environments O M 7.5 15
This course demonstrates how the geomorphology of ancient sedimentary environments can be reconstructed from evidence in the rock record and from using equivalent modern environments as a template. Two one-hour lectures and a three hour practical per week.
+ ESC-20009 Earth System Science Concepts II O M 7.5 15
This module is a continuation of Earth System and Environmental Science Concepts in Year 1 and provides coverage of important systems that do not feature significantly in other parts of the course. Emphasis will be placed upon providing knowledge and understanding of the oceanic system, the atmospheric system, biosystems and the societal system. 2 one-hour lectures Additional information: http://www.learn.keele.ac.uk/ug-mod/eass/eass-201/
ESC-20015 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad III O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20018 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad IV O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20030 Regional Landsystems O M 7.5 15
This module focusses upon the geographical variability in both geomorphic processes and related landscapes. It will build upon key concepts introduced at Level I and provide knowledge and understanding relevant to both the level II fieldcourses and a suite of level III modules.
ESC-20032 Environmental Analytical Methods C C 7.5 15
+ LSC-20002 Symbiotic Interactions between Organisms O M 7.5 15
Mutualism, commensalism, parasitic interactions and parasitic associations will be discussed by reference to a range of microorganisms, Protista and helminths. Metabolic interactions between symbionts, strategies for transmission between hosts, host defence mechanisms and pathology associated with parasitic disease will be studied. 2 hours lectures & 3 hours laboratory.
# LSC-20014 Integrated Field Studies C C 7.5 15
On Anglesey in the early summer before Year 2, the diversity of plants and animals on three different rocky shores will be assessed to demonstrate zonation. Succession of a sand dune system and a saltmarsh will be studied in addition to adaptations to these two habitats. The area of Parys Mountain will then be studied in detail from biological, geological and chemical viewpoints and a project will be carried out. Management issues will also be covered. In Year 2, lectures will be given to integrate the three sciences further and local excursions and a project will be carried out from Keele.

Applied Environmental Science Dual Honours - Level 3 Modules

Semester 1 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
~ ESC-30003 Advanced Topics in Sedimentology O M 7.5 15
The stratigraphical principles introduced in ESC-20002 are studied in greater depth, concentrating on the analytical methods of seismic and sequence stratigraphy which allow the geometry of sedimentary rock bodies to be related to basin wide tectonic and eustatic controls. The development of sequence stratigraphical techniques is a key part of modern hydrocarbon exploration. 2 one-hour lectures & 3 hour practical per week (10 weeks).
ESC-30009 Natural Hazards O M 7.5 15
This module examines the causes and characteristics of a broad variety of natural hazards and their destructive impact on human society. These hazards range from small-scale to large-scale events, from relatively minor disturbances to catastrophic disasters, and are associated with both environmental and anthropogenic triggers. Particular attention is paid to the assessment of risk and the steps that can be taken to prevent or mitigate the damage and disruption associated with these processes.
+ ESC-30017 Applied Environmental GIS O M 7.5 15
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are of increasing importance to our understanding and management of environmental problems. This module introduces fundamental GIS concepts and capabilities and examines a variety of environmental applications ranging from natural resources management to the disposal of toxic waste. The applied nature of the course is reinforced by appropriate training in the use of industry-standard GIS software and an opportunity is presented for students to apply their new skills to addressing a specific environmental case study. Block B
+ ESC-30018 Global Environmental Change O M 7.5 15
The Earth’s environment has been constantly changing throughout the history of the planet, and continuing change will have a serious impact on human activity. However, our understanding of how the environment changes is incomplete, and our ability to predict and adapt to future change is limited. This module will help students to develop a clear understanding of key issues and debates in Global Environmental Change, informed by research at the forefront of the subject. In particular we focus on the relationships between global environmental change and the characteristics of the Earth’s surface processes and landscapes, recognizing the contested nature of knowledge in this very dynamic subject. Block A: 2 hour meetings
ESC-30029 Applied Methods in the Environmental Sciences O M 7.5 15
+ LSC-30003 Applied Insect Ecology O M 7.5 15
This module deals with aspects of insect ecology that underlie the ways insects affect us and our crops. Topics include: flight; mate-finding and pheromones; migration; oviposition site selection; parasitoids; vectors of animal and plant diseases; herbivores; pollination; and pest management. 2 hours lecture and 1 hour tutorial or laboratory.
Semester 1-2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
+ # CHE-30024 Clean Technology O C 7.5 15
This module deals with the role of the physical sciences in the development of clean technology. Topics will include: environmental pollutants; stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming; sensors and monitoring; fuel cells; catalysts; alternative, clean energy sources. 2 hours lectures
+ ESC-30019 Applied Environmental Science Independent Research Project C C 7.5 15
In this module students will undertake a piece of independent research throughout the semester, including project formulation, research design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation and report production.
Semester 2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
+ ESC-30020 Water Resources O M 7.5 15
Water is a vital resource to life on Earth. Pressures on water resources in many regions are growing due to increasing population, decreasing quality of water and anticipated climate change. In order to effectively manage water resources it is important to understand hydrological processes and both problems and potential solutions surrounding both water quantity and water quality, and the requirements of the human and ecological water users.
+ ESC-30022 Hydrological and Engineering Geology O M 7.5 15
This module will look at the related subjects of engineering and hydrological geology from a coherent, practical perspective. In particular, it will focus on the way in which geological factors influence the availability of water resources and the design/construction of engineering structures. The availability of this module provides an important addition to the portfolio of geoscience topics offered to year 3 students whilst building upon material taught in both years 1 and 2 (e.g. ESC10013: Structural Geology and Environmental Geoscience, ESC20011: Applied Geophysics and Structural Geology). It also complements the existing year 3 modules such as Advanced Topics in Sedimentology (ESC30003), Advanced Geophysics (ESC30012) and Water Resources (ESC30020).
+ ESC-30027 Coastal Environments O M 7.5 15
The coastal environment offers a particularly good example within which to study past, present and future patterns of change, especially within the context of global warming and future sea-level rise. The first part of this module deals with the processes that drive coastal morphological changes, such as sea-level change, tides and ocean waves. The second part discusses the nature of a range of coastal landforms and examines the links between form and processes at a variety of spatial scales. The final part of this module, addressed predominately through the major coursework assignment, deals with the issue of coastal zone management.
GEG-30016 Economic Development and Environmental Transformation O M 7.5 15
+ # LSC-30006 Applied Fish Biology O M 7.5 15
Studies on disease, (parasitology, virology, bacteriology), immunology, pathology, physiology and water quality/pollution. A knowledge of these will be incorporated into an appraisal of aquaculture. This will include criteria for selecting suitable sites and species, artificial manipulation of feeding, reproduction and breeding, disease and its control, problems of intensive aquaculture. Some ecological principles that have a relevance to fisheries management will also be studied. 2 hours lectures and 10 hours tutorial or laboratory.
+ LSC-30017 Trees in their Environment O M 7.5 15
Using what is known about the ecology of trees this module will investigate how trees - the world's biggest and longest lived organisms - function and survive in often harsh environments. Subjects will include the environmental problems of supplying up to a million leaves with water, how environmental and mechanical factors dictate the shape of trees, and how they cope with wind and other extreme events. This will be used as a base to explore how groups of trees (forests) function (including the role they play in climate change scenarios) and how this affects their role in the landscape including forestry. 2 hours lecture and 1 hour tutorial per week
+ PIR-30078 Citizenship and the Environment O C 7.5 15
The module consists of an examination of theories of environmental citizenship, ways of finding out what people think environmental citizenship is, obstacles to (and opportunities for) practising environmental citizenship.

Applied Environmental Science Minor - Level 1 Modules

Semester 1 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-10039 Fundamentals of Physical Geography EA M 7.5 15
This module offers a self-contained introduction to physical geography for students from a variety of backgrounds (including students with no previous experience in the subject), and a foundation in the subject for those students who wish to pursue it to a higher level. The main learning outcomes for the successful student will be: knowledge and understanding of core material in Physical Geography; appreciation of the dynamic and research-based nature of the discipline; ability to use geographical evidence to explain features of the physical environment.
ESC-10045 Introductory Geology for the Environmental Sciences C M 7.5 15
Geology forms one of the core underpinning disciplines of Environmental Science, and a knowledge of geology is essential to many practising environmental scientists. This module focuses on the basic underlying geological principles and concepts that are relevant to the Environmental Sciences. Specific topics covered include: - the internal structure of the Earth and its development since the formation of the Solar System - the theory of plate tectonics, its manifestation on the Earth's current surface, and the consequences of its operation in the geological past; - minerals and the three major subdivisions of rocks, including their identification and how their properties (e.g. porosity and permeability) can relate to a variety of environmental science issues; - how rocks and geological events may be dated, both relatively and in terms of the absolute time scale In addition, practical-based exercises will provide experience of a variety of geoscience data and phenomena, including the identification of minerals and rocks, and interpretation of geological maps. The module also includes a one-day field course to provide an introduction to field skills, including geological mapping.
Semester 1-2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-10042 Environmental Science Skills C C 7.5 15
This module helps students develop key skills for the successful study and practice of Environmental Science. These skills include important field and laboratory skills taught as part of a residential fieldcourse in addition to skills developed during regular workshops highlighting the variety and range of Environmental Science work and research.
Semester 2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
CHE-10044 Introductory Environmental Chemistry C M 7.5 15
This module helps students develop knowledge and understanding of key chemical principles fundamental to the field of environmental chemistry, environmental science and to the practising environmental scientist. In addition to this core knowledge and understanding students gain practical skills of working with samples and analytical techniques in the laboratory and experience in applying this knowledge and these techniques to environmental applications. These core principles are taught around a series of high profile environmental case studies.
ESC-10041 People and the Environment EA M 7.5 15
This module enables students to develop an understanding and appreciation of a range of environmental issues and different approaches to tackling these issues (from the natural and social science persepctives) , in particular addressing questions of how we use the environment as a resource, the impacts we have on the environment, environmental hazards, and how we can try and manage our impact on the environment.
ESC-10043 Greening Business: Employability and Sustainability EP C 7.5 15
This module introduces students to the environmental responsibilities of businesses and investigates with students ways of improving companies’ environmental performances. This module is designed to provide students with a framework within which to consider employers’ environmental responsibilities, and to provide the practical skills and knowledge to direct enhanced environmental performance in the workplace.
LSC-10033 Ecology and Environment C M 7.5 15
The module covers key aspects of ecology, environmental issues and conservation. The module will open with an ecology section concentrating on functioning of ecosystems and population dynamics to give students an understanding of the interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms. Environmental issues such as biodiversity, sustainability, and habitat degradation will be discussed to demonstrate human-influenced threats to individual species and whole ecosystems. The role of conservation in protecting natural environments will be introduced with special reference to climate change. Case studies will bring all the threads of the module together. Practicals will include the study of nearby habitats.

Applied Environmental Science Minor - Level 2 Modules

Semester 1 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
+ ESC-20004 Advanced Systematic Geography O M 7.5 15
This module is subdivided into 5 blocks. Two blocks `nature and society: environmental geographies' and `historical geography' are human geography options, and three blocks `meteorology', `hydrology' and `geomorphology' are physical geography options. Students take two units. Physical Geography principal students take 2 physical geography units, Human Geography principal students take 2 human geography units and Geography principal students have a free choice of units, barring timetable clashes.
ESC-20013 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad I O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20014 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad II O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20017 Human Impact on the Environment, scientific perspectives C M 7.5 15
This module provides knowledge and understanding, from a scientific perspective, of the impact of human activities, on the Earth’s environment particularly with regard to water, the atmosphere, and the biosphere. As human beings we are part of the Earth's natural environment which is affected by our doing in many ways. Within the last century many environmental problems caused by human impacts became emergent, many of them reaching back far into history. These problems involve a drastic change in global climate, landuse changes that cause desertification, erosion and soil degradation. The pollution of water, groundwater and air are in many places a significant threat to the human health but also to the ecological functioning and biodiversity of the natural environment.
ESC-20029 Practical Physical Geography O C 7.5 15
This module aims to provide a variety of essential physical geography field and laboratory practical skills. This module builds upon concepts and techniques introduced in the level 1 practical programme and provides a portfolio of skills applicable to level 3 independent research projects. Training and first hand experience in, relevant techniques is provided in practical classes, supported by a series of tutorials that will highlight the research applications of these techniques through in-class discussion and directed reading.
+ LSC-20007 Information Technology for Life Scientists O M 7.5 15
An introduction to Information Technology (IT), statistics and the design and analysis of experiments. 2 hours lectures & 3 hours laboratory.
PIR-20034 Environmental Politics: an introduction O C 7.5 15
This module will provide an introduction to some of the key theoretical and practical dimension of environmental politics. It will explore the diverse historical, economic, political, and ideational roots of contemporary environmental problems and controversies; relationships between local and global environmental issues; challenges posed by environmental issues to political institutions; and strategies and tactics used for environmental change. Particular emphasis will be placed on the complexity of contemporary environmental issues and controversies, and on developing the skills necessary to critically analyse and thus respond to them effectively. Case studies may include controversies over population growth, nuclear energy and waste management, genetically modified crops, pesticide use, and hydroelectric dam projects in developing countries.
Semester 2 C/O TYP ECTSCATS
ESC-20002 Reconstructing Past Environments O M 7.5 15
This course demonstrates how the geomorphology of ancient sedimentary environments can be reconstructed from evidence in the rock record and from using equivalent modern environments as a template. Two one-hour lectures and a three hour practical per week.
+ ESC-20009 Earth System Science Concepts II O M 7.5 15
This module is a continuation of Earth System and Environmental Science Concepts in Year 1 and provides coverage of important systems that do not feature significantly in other parts of the course. Emphasis will be placed upon providing knowledge and understanding of the oceanic system, the atmospheric system, biosystems and the societal system. 2 one-hour lectures Additional information: http://www.learn.keele.ac.uk/ug-mod/eass/eass-201/
ESC-20015 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad III O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20018 Applied Environmental Science - Study Abroad IV O C 7.5 15
Details of this module will depend on the Overseas University and the modules chosen at this institution, and this will be discussed on an individual basis between the student and the School's Study Abroad tutor
ESC-20030 Regional Landsystems O M 7.5 15
This module focusses upon the geographical variability in both geomorphic processes and related landscapes. It will build upon key concepts introduced at Level I and provide knowledge and understanding relevant to both the level II fieldcourses and a suite of level III modules.
ESC-20032 Environmental Analytical Methods C C 7.5 15
+ LSC-20002 Symbiotic Interactions between Organisms O M 7.5 15
Mutualism, commensalism, parasitic interactions and parasitic associations will be discussed by reference to a range of microorganisms, Protista and helminths. Metabolic interactions between symbionts, strategies for transmission between hosts, host defence mechanisms and pathology associated with parasitic disease will be studied. 2 hours lectures & 3 hours laboratory.
# LSC-20014 Integrated Field Studies C C 7.5 15
On Anglesey in the early summer before Year 2, the diversity of plants and animals on three different rocky shores will be assessed to demonstrate zonation. Succession of a sand dune system and a saltmarsh will be studied in addition to adaptations to these two habitats. The area of Parys Mountain will then be studied in detail from biological, geological and chemical viewpoints and a project will be carried out. Management issues will also be covered. In Year 2, lectures will be given to integrate the three sciences further and local excursions and a project will be carried out from Keele.

C Compulsory Core Module
O Optional Core Module
EP Programme Elective Module
EA Approved Elective Module
EF Free-Standing Elective Module
M Mixed Assessment e.g. a mixture of essay(s) and examination, with the latter's weighting below 90%.
E Examination, providing 90% or more of the mark.
C Continuous Assessment e.g. essay(s) or practical work (as appropriate).
+ Available to qualified non-principal, Erasmus, Exchange and Study Abroad students but there may be a restriction on the number of places available
~ Specific pre-requisite(s) needed by non-principal, Erasmus, Exchange and Study Abroad students wishing to take these modules
# Not normally available to Erasmus, Exchange and Study Abroad students (except by prior negotiation with Departmental Tutor)
Note: Modules not marked with a # are available to suitably qualified Erasmus, Exchange and Study Abroad students.